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Early Response of Soil Properties and Function to Riparian Rainforest Restoration

机译：土壤特性和功能对河岸雨林恢复的早期响应

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摘要

Reforestation of riparian zones is increasingly practiced in many regions for purposes of biodiversity conservation, bank stabilisation, and improvement in water quality. This is in spite of the actual benefits of reforestation for recovering underlying soil properties and function remaining poorly understood. Here we compare remnant riparian rainforest, pasture and reforestation plantings aged 2–20 years in an Australian subtropical catchment on ferrosols to determine the extent to which reforestation restores key soil properties. Of the nine soil attributes measured (total nitrogen, nitrate and ammonium concentrations, net nitrification and ammonification rates, organic carbon, bulk density, fine root biomass and water infiltration rates), only infiltration rates were significantly lower in pasture than remnant riparian rainforest. Within reforestation plantings, bulk density decreased up to 1.4-fold and infiltration rates increased up to 60-fold with time post-reforestation. Our results suggest that the main outcome of belowground processes of early reforestation is the recovery of the soils' physical structure, with potential beneficial ecosystem services including reduced runoff, erosion and associated sediment and nutrient loads in waterways. We also demonstrate differential impacts of two commonly planted tree species on a subset of soil properties suggesting that preferential planting of select species could accelerate progress on specific restoration objectives.
机译：为了保护生物多样性，稳定银行和改善水质，许多地区越来越多地对河岸带进行重新造林。尽管重新造林对于恢复潜在的土壤特性和功能的实际好处仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们比较了澳大利亚亚热带集水区铁质溶胶上2-20年的河岸雨林，草场和植树造林的剩余面积，以确定植树造林恢复关键土壤特性的程度。在测量的九种土壤属性（总氮，硝酸盐和铵浓度，净硝化和氨化率，有机碳，容重，细根生物量和水的渗透率）中，只有草场的渗透率显着低于残余的河岸雨林。在植树造林后，随着植树后时间的增长，堆密度降低了1.4倍，渗透率增加了60倍。我们的结果表明，早期重新造林的地下过程的主要结果是恢复土壤的物理结构，并可能带来有益的生态系统服务，包括减少径流，侵蚀以及相关的水道沉积物和养分含量。我们还证明了两种常见种植的树种对土壤特性的不同影响，表明优先种植精选树种可以加快特定恢复目标的进展。

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