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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Altered Community Flammability in Florida’s Apalachicola Ravines and Implications for the Persistence of the Endangered Conifer Torreya taxifolia
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Altered Community Flammability in Florida’s Apalachicola Ravines and Implications for the Persistence of the Endangered Conifer Torreya taxifolia

机译：佛罗里达州的Apalachicola山沟地区的社区易燃性改变以及对濒临灭绝的针叶树Torreya salfolia的影响

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摘要

Plant species and communities often reflect historic fire regimes via ecological and evolutionary responses to recurrent fires. Plant communities of the southeastern USA experience a wide array of fire regimes, perhaps nowhere more marked than the juxtaposition of fire-prone uplands and adjacent mesic ravines along Florida’s Apalachicola River. The ravines contain many endemic and disjunct species, most notably the endangered endemic conifer Torreya taxifolia. A rapid decline in T. taxifolia over the past 60 years has been associated with widespread replacement by other tree species. To understand the changes accompanying the shift in ravine composition, we compared leaf litter flammability of nine historic and contemporary species. We measured maximum flame height, flame duration, smoldering duration, mass loss, absorptive capacity, and drying rate. Ordination and perMANOVA suggest the nine species segregated into three distinct groups: the fire-impeding T. taxifolia and Taxus floridana; an intermediate group of three deciduous angiosperms; and a mixed cluster of four flammable species. Results suggest T. taxifolia and T. floridana were fire-impeding species in these communities, while contemporary dominants burn similarly to the upslope pyric species. The increasing presence of fire-facilitating species may portend a shifting fire regime that further imperils T. taxifolia and other rare species in the formerly fire-safe ravines.
机译：植物物种和群落通常通过对反复发生的火灾的生态和进化反应来反映历史性的火灾状况。美国东南部的植物群落经历了各种各样的大火，也许没有什么地方比并列着火的高地和佛罗里达州阿巴拉契科拉河沿岸的邻近沟壑并列的山丘并列了。沟壑包含许多特有和分离的物种，最著名的是濒临灭绝的特有针叶树Torreya taxifolia。在过去的60年中，紫杉的快速下降与其他树种的广泛替代有关。为了了解沟壑组成变化带来的变化，我们比较了九种历史和现代物种的凋落物可燃性。我们测量了最大火焰高度，火焰持续时间，阴燃时间，质量损失，吸收能力和干燥速率。 Ordination和perMANOVA建议将这9个物种分为三个不同的组：阻火的T.taxoflia和Taxus floridana；以及一个由三个落叶被子植物组成的中间群体；以及四个易燃物种的混合群。结果表明，在这些群落中，T.taxofolia和T.florridana是阻火物种，而当代优势物种的燃烧与上坡火pyr物种相似。促进火种的存在的增加可能预示着火势的变化，这进一步危及了以前防火的沟壑中的三角叶锦葵和其他稀有物种。

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