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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Efficacy of Tricaine Methanesulfonate (MS-222) as an Anesthetic Agent for Blocking Sensory-Motor Responses in Xenopus laevis Tadpoles
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Efficacy of Tricaine Methanesulfonate (MS-222) as an Anesthetic Agent for Blocking Sensory-Motor Responses in Xenopus laevis Tadpoles

机译：曲卡因甲磺酸盐（MS-222）作为麻醉剂阻断非洲爪蟾感觉运动响应的功效

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Anesthetics are drugs that reversibly relieve pain, decrease body movements and suppress neuronal activity. Most drugs only cover one of these effects; for instance, analgesics relieve pain but fail to block primary fiber responses to noxious stimuli. Alternately, paralytic drugs block synaptic transmission at neuromuscular junctions, thereby effectively paralyzing skeletal muscles. Thus, both analgesics and paralytics each accomplish one effect, but fail to singularly account for all three. Tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) is structurally similar to benzocaine, a typical anesthetic for anamniote vertebrates, but contains a sulfate moiety rendering this drug more hydrophilic. MS-222 is used as anesthetic in poikilothermic animals such as fish and amphibians. However, it is often argued that MS-222 is only a hypnotic drug and its ability to block neural activity has been questioned. This prompted us to evaluate the potency and dynamics of MS-222-induced effects on neuronal firing of sensory and motor nerves alongside a defined motor behavior in semi-intact in vitro preparations of Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Electrophysiological recordings of extraocular motor discharge and both spontaneous and evoked mechanosensory nerve activity were measured before, during and after administration of MS-222, then compared to benzocaine and a known paralytic, pancuronium. Both MS-222 and benzocaine, but not pancuronium caused a dose-dependent, reversible blockade of extraocular motor and sensory nerve activity. These results indicate that MS-222 as benzocaine blocks the activity of both sensory and motor nerves compatible with the mechanistic action of effective anesthetics, indicating that both caine-derivates are effective as single-drug anesthetics for surgical interventions in anamniotes.
机译：麻醉药是可逆地减轻疼痛，减少身体运动并抑制神经元活动的药物。大多数药物仅涵盖这些作用之一；例如，止痛药可以缓解疼痛，但不能阻止初级纤维对有害刺激的反应。或者，麻痹药物会阻止神经肌肉连接处的突触传递，从而有效地使骨骼肌麻痹。因此，止痛药和麻痹药均能达到一种效果，但不能单独考虑这三种效果。曲卡因甲磺酸盐（MS-222）在结构上类似于苯并卡因，这是一种用于羊膜脊椎动物的麻醉剂，但是含有硫酸盐部分，使该药物更具亲水性。 MS-222在鱼类和两栖类等热疗动物中用作麻醉剂。然而，经常有人争辩说MS-222只是一种催眠药，其阻断神经活动的能力受到了质疑。这促使我们评估非洲爪蟾半完整体外制剂中MS-222诱导的对感觉神经和运动神经神经元放电以及确定的运动行为的效力和动力学。在服用MS-222之前，期间和之后，测量眼外运动放电以及自发和诱发的机械感觉神经活动的电生理记录，然后与苯佐卡因和已知的麻痹性Pancuronium进行比较。 MS-222和苯佐卡因，但非泛库铵均引起眼外运动和感觉神经活动的剂量依赖性可逆性阻断。这些结果表明，MS-222作为苯佐卡因可以阻断与有效麻醉剂的机械作用相适应的感觉神经和运动神经的活动，表明这两种可卡因衍生物均可以作为单药麻醉剂有效地用于麻醉剂的外科手术。

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