• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior >Instructional versus schedule control of humans choices in situations of diminishing returns
【2h】

Instructional versus schedule control of humans choices in situations of diminishing returns

机译：在收益递减的情况下对人的选择进行教学和进度控制

代理获取
本网站仅为用户提供外文OA文献查询和代理获取服务，本网站没有原文。下单后我们将采用程序或人工为您竭诚获取高质量的原文，但由于OA文献来源多样且变更频繁，仍可能出现获取不到、文献不完整或与标题不符等情况，如果获取不到我们将提供退款服务。请知悉。
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Four adult humans chose repeatedly between a fixed-time schedule (of points later exchangeable for money) and a progressive-time schedule that began at 0 s and increased by a fixed number of seconds with each point delivered by that schedule. Each point delivered by the fixed-time schedule reset the requirements of the progressive-time schedule to its minimum value. Subjects were provided with instructions that specified a particular sequence of choices. Under the initial conditions, the instructions accurately specified the optimal choice sequence. Thus, control by instructions and optimal control by the programmed contingencies both supported the same performance. To distinguish the effects of instructions from schedule sensitivity, the correspondence between the instructed and optimal choice patterns was gradually altered across conditions by varying the step size of the progressive-time schedule while maintaining the same instructions. Step size was manipulated, typically in 1-s units, first in an ascending and then in a descending sequence of conditions. Instructions quickly established control in all 4 subjects but, by narrowing the range of choice patterns, they reduced subsequent sensitivity to schedule changes. Instructional control was maintained across the ascending sequence of progressive-time values for each subject, but eventually diminished, giving way to more schedule-appropriate patterns. The transition from instruction-appropriate to schedule-appropriate behavior was characterized by an increase in the variability of choice patterns and local increases in point density. On the descending sequence of progressive-time values, behavior appeared to be schedule sensitive, sometimes even optimally sensitive, but it did not always change systematically with the contingencies, suggesting the involvement of other factors.
机译：四名成年人类在固定时间时间表（以后可以兑换金钱的点）和从0 s开始并以固定秒数增加的渐进时间进度表之间进行反复选择，该时间表中的每个点都在进行。固定时间进度表交付的每个点都会将渐进时间进度表的要求重置为最小值。为受试者提供了指定特定选择顺序的说明。在初始条件下，说明准确地指定了最佳选择顺序。因此，通过指令进行的控制和通过编程的意外事件进行的最佳控制都支持相同的性能。为了区分指令与进度敏感性的影响，通过改变渐进时间进度的步长，同时保持相同的指令，逐步改变了指令和最佳选择模式之间的对应关系。步长通常以1-s为单位进行操作，首先按升序，然后按降序排列。指令迅速建立了对所有4个主题的控制，但通过缩小选择模式的范围，他们降低了随后对进度表更改的敏感性。在每个受试者的递进时间值的升序顺序中都保持了教学控制，但最终却逐渐减少，让位给了更多适合日程的模式。从指令适当的行为过渡到计划适当的行为的特征在于选择模式的可变性增加和点密度的局部增加。在递进时间值的降序上，行为似乎对时间表敏感，有时甚至是最佳敏感，但它并不总是随意外事件而系统地变化，表明其他因素也参与其中。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
代理获取

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号