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Migrations of Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) between Nesting and Foraging Grounds across the Coral Sea

机译：绿海龟（Chelonia mydas）在珊瑚海的筑巢和觅食地之间的迁移

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摘要

Marine megafauna tend to migrate vast distances, often crossing national borders and pose a significant challenge to managers. This challenge is particularly acute in the Pacific, which contains numerous small island nations and thousands of kilometers of continental margins. The green sea turtle, Chelonia mydas, is one such megafauna that is endangered in Pacific waters due to the overexploitation of eggs and adults for human consumption. Data from long-term tagging programs in Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia were analysed to investigate the migrations by C. mydas across the Coral Sea between their nesting site and their feeding grounds. A review of data collected over the last 50 years by different projects identified multiple migrations of C. mydas to and from New Caledonia (n = 97) and indicate that turtles foraging in New Caledonia nest in the Great Barrier Reef (Australia) and vice versa. Several explanations exist for turtles exhibiting this energetically costly movement pattern from breeding to distant foraging grounds (1200–2680 km away) despite viable foraging habitat being available in the local vicinity. These include hatchling drift, oceanic movements and food abundance predictability. Most of the tag recoveries in New Caledonia belonged to females from the south Great Barrier Reef genetic stock. Some females (n = 2) even showed fidelity to foraging sites located 1200 km away from the nesting site located in New Caledonia. This study also reveals previously unknown migrations pathways of turtles within the Coral Sea.
机译：海洋大型动物往往迁徙到很远的地方，经常跨越国界，对管理者构成了重大挑战。在拥有众多小岛国和数千公里大陆边缘的太平洋地区，这一挑战尤为严峻。绿海龟，Chelonia mydas，就是这样一种大型动物，由于对鸡蛋和成虫的过度开发供人类食用，在太平洋水域中受到威胁。分析了来自昆士兰（澳大利亚）和新喀里多尼亚的长期标签计划的数据，以调查my。C. mydas在其筑巢地点和觅食地点之间穿越珊瑚海的迁移。对不同项目在过去50年中收集到的数据进行的审查发现，梭状芽胞杆菌多次往返新喀里多尼亚（n = 97），并表明在新喀里多尼亚觅食的海龟在大堡礁（澳大利亚）筑巢，反之亦然。尽管在当地有可行的觅食栖息地，但从乌龟到繁殖到遥远的觅食场（距离1200-2680公里），这种龟耗费大量精力的运动方式，有几种解释。这些包括孵化漂流，海洋运动和食物丰度的可预测性。新喀里多尼亚的大部分标签回收属于南大堡礁遗传种群的雌性。一些雌性动物（n = 2）甚至对与新喀里多尼亚筑巢地点相距1200公里的觅食地点表现出忠诚。这项研究还揭示了珊瑚海中先前未知的海龟迁移途径。

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