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Dephosphorylation Targets Bcl-2 for Ubiquitin-dependent Degradation: A Link between the Apoptosome and the Proteasome Pathway

机译:泛素依赖性降解的去磷酸化目标Bcl-2:凋亡小体和蛋白酶体途径之间的联系。

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摘要

Injury of the endothelial cells by the induction of apoptotic cell death may play an important role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and the progression of inflammatory diseases. Here, we demonstrate an essential role for the ubiquitin-dependent proteasome complex in stimulus-induced degradation of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Bcl-2 is specifically degraded after stimulation of human endothelial cells with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in a process that is inhibited by specific proteasome inhibitors. In addition, the mutation of the potential ubiquitin-acceptor amino acids of Bcl-2 provides protection against TNF-α– and staurosporine-induced degradation in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, mimicking phosphorylation of the putative mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase sites of the Bcl-2 protein (Thr 56, Thr 74, and Ser 87) abolishes its degradation, suggesting a link between the MAP kinase pathway to the proteasome pathway. Finally, inhibition of Bcl-2 degradation either by suppressing ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation or by mimicking continuous phosphorylation of the putative MAP kinase sites in the Bcl-2 protein confers resistance against induction of apoptosis. Thus, the degradation of Bcl-2 may unleash the inhibitory function of Bcl-2 over the apoptosome and may thereby amplify the activation of the caspase cascade.
机译:诱导凋亡性细胞死亡引起的内皮细胞损伤可能在动脉粥样硬化的病理生理学和炎性疾病的进展中起重要作用。在这里,我们证明了泛素依赖性蛋白酶体复合物在刺激诱导的抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2降解中的重要作用。用肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α刺激人内皮细胞后,Bcl-2特异性降解,该过程受到特定蛋白酶体抑制剂的抑制。此外,Bcl-2潜在泛素受体氨基酸的突变可在体外和体内针对TNF-α和星形孢菌素诱导的降解提供保护。此外,模仿Bcl-2蛋白(Thr 56,Thr 74和Ser 87)的假定的丝裂原激活蛋白(MAP)激酶位点的磷酸化消除了其降解,表明MAP激酶途径与蛋白酶体途径之间存在联系。最后,通过抑制泛素依赖性蛋白酶体降解或通过模仿Bcl-2蛋白中假定的MAP激酶位点的连续磷酸化来抑制Bcl-2降解,赋予了对凋亡诱导的抗性。因此,Bcl-2的降解可以释放Bcl-2对凋亡小体的抑制功能,从而可以放大胱天蛋白酶级联反应的激活。

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