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Mutant Huntingtin Gene-Dose Impacts on Aggregate Deposition DARPP32 Expression and Neuroinflammation in HdhQ150 Mice

机译:突变的Huntingtin基因剂量对HdhQ150小鼠的总沉积DARPP32表达和神经炎症的影响

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摘要

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant, progressive and fatal neurological disorder caused by an expansion of CAG repeats in exon-1 of the huntingtin gene. The encoded poly-glutamine stretch renders mutant huntingtin prone to aggregation. HdhQ150 mice genocopy a pathogenic repeat (∼150 CAGs) in the endogenous mouse huntingtin gene and model predominantly pre-manifest HD. Treating early is likely important to prevent or delay HD, and HdhQ150 mice may be useful to assess therapeutic strategies targeting pre-manifest HD. This requires appropriate markers and here we demonstrate, that pre-symptomatic HdhQ150 mice show several dramatic mutant huntingtin gene-dose dependent pathological changes including: (i) an increase of neuronal intra-nuclear inclusions (NIIs) in brain, (ii) an increase of extra-nuclear aggregates in dentate gyrus, (iii) a decrease of DARPP32 protein and (iv) an increase in glial markers of neuroinflammation, which curiously did not correlate with local neuronal mutant huntingtin inclusion-burden. HdhQ150 mice developed NIIs also in all retinal neuron cell-types, demonstrating that retinal NIIs are not specific to human exon-1 R6 HD mouse models. Taken together, the striking and robust mutant huntingtin gene-dose related changes in aggregate-load, DARPP32 levels and glial activation markers should greatly facilitate future testing of therapeutic strategies in the HdhQ150 HD mouse model.
机译:亨廷顿舞蹈病(HD)是由亨廷顿基因外显子1中CAG重复序列的扩增引起的常染色体显性遗传,进行性和致命性神经系统疾病。编码的聚谷氨酰胺片段使突变型亨廷顿蛋白易于聚集。 HdhQ150小鼠在内源性亨廷顿基因中进行了病原性重复(约150个CAG)的基因复制,并主要表现为预高清。早期治疗对预防或延缓HD可能很重要,而HdhQ150小鼠可能有助于评估针对预示HD的治疗策略。这需要适当的标记,并且在这里我们证明有症状的HdhQ150小鼠显示出几种戏剧性的突变性亨廷顿基因剂量依赖性病理变化,包括:(i)脑中神经元核内包涵体(NIIs)的增加,(ii)增加齿状回中的核外聚集体的形成,(iii)DARPP32蛋白的减少和(iv)神经炎症的神经胶质标志物的增加,这与当地神经元突变体亨廷顿蛋白的负担无关。 HdhQ150小鼠还在所有视网膜神经元细胞类型中均形成了NII,这表明视网膜NII对人exon-1 R6 HD小鼠模型不是特异性的。两者合计,惊人的和强大的突变体亨廷顿基因剂量相关的总负荷,DARPP32水平和神经胶质激活标记的变化将极大地促进将来在HdhQ150 HD小鼠模型中治疗策略的测试。

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