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Tree Diversity Mediates the Distribution of Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in a Changing Tropical Landscape (Southern Yunnan SW China)

机译：树木多样性介导了不断变化的热带景观中的长角甲虫（鞘翅目：天牛科）的分布（中国西南云南）

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Longhorn beetles (Coleoptera : Cerambycidae) have been used to identify sites of high biological diversity and conservation value in cultivated landscapes, but were rarely studied in changing landscapes of humid tropics. This study was conducted in a region of southern Yunnan, China, which was dominated by natural rainforest until 30 years ago, but is successively transformed into commercial rubber monoculture plantations since that time. The objectives were to investigate longhorn beetle species diversity and distribution in the major land use types of this landscape and to estimate the effects of an expected expansion of rubber plantations on the longhorn beetle assemblages. The results showed that tree species diversity (181 species in total) and longhorn beetle diversity (220 species in total) were closely related with no significant differences between the tree and longhorn beetles assemblages shown by similarity distance analysis. There was a highly positive relationship between the estimated species richness of longhorn beetles and the number of tree species. Individual numbers of longhorn beetles and trees were also highly positive related at the sampling sites. Non-metric multidimensional scaling revealed that the degree of canopy coverage, succession age and tree diversity explained 78.5% of the total variation in longhorn beetle assemblage composition. Natural forest sites had significantly higher numbers of species and individuals than any other type of habitat. Although young rubber plantations bear the highest longhorn beetle diversity outside forests (half of the total number of longhorn beetle species recorded in total), they can not provide permanent habitats for most of these species, because they develop into closed canopy plantations with less suitable habitat conditions. Therefore, along with an expected expansion of rubber cultivation which largely proceeds at the expense of forest areas, the habitat conditions for longhorn beetles in this region might decrease dramatically in future.
机译：长角甲虫（Coleoptera：Cerambycidae）已被用于在耕地景观中识别高生物多样性和保护价值的地点，但在潮湿热带地区的景观变化中很少进行研究。这项研究是在中国云南南部的一个地区进行的，该地区直到30年前一直被天然雨林所占据，但自那时以来已逐步转变为商业橡胶单作种植园。目的是调查该景观主要土地利用类型中的长角甲虫物种多样性和分布，并估计橡胶园的预期扩张对长角甲虫组合的影响。结果表明，树种多样性（共181种）和长角甲虫多样性（共220种）密切相关，相似距离分析显示树和长角甲虫组合之间无显着差异。在估计的长角甲虫物种丰富度与乔木数量之间存在高度正相关。在采样点，长角甲虫和树木的个体数量也呈高度正相关。非度量多维标度显示，冠层覆盖程度，演替年龄和树木多样性解释了长角甲虫组合组成的总变异的78.5％。天然林地的物种和个体数量明显高于其他任何类型的栖息地。尽管年轻的橡胶园在森林外长角甲虫的多样性最高（总共记录的长角甲虫总数的一半），但它们不能为大多数这些物种提供永久性的栖息地，因为它们发展成封闭的，没有合适生境的冠层人工林条件。因此，随着橡胶种植的扩大（这主要以牺牲森林面积为代价），该地区长角甲虫的栖息地条件将来可能会急剧下降。

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