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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Exogenous Calcium Alleviates Photoinhibition of PSII by Improving the Xanthophyll Cycle in Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea) Leaves during Heat Stress under High Irradiance
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Exogenous Calcium Alleviates Photoinhibition of PSII by Improving the Xanthophyll Cycle in Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea) Leaves during Heat Stress under High Irradiance

机译：外源钙通过改善高辐射下热胁迫下花生叶片的叶黄素循环来减轻PSII的光抑制作用

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Peanut is one of the calciphilous plants. Calcium (Ca) serves as a ubiquitous central hub in a large number of signaling pathways. The effect of exogenous calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2] (6 mM) on the dissipation of excess excitation energy in the photosystem II (PSII) antenna, especially on the level of D1 protein and the xanthophyll cycle in peanut plants under heat (40°C) and high irradiance (HI) (1 200 µmol m−2 s−1) stress were investigated. Compared with the control plants [cultivated in 0 mM Ca(NO3)2 medium], the maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) in Ca2+-treated plants showed a slighter decrease after 5 h of stress, accompanied by higher non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), higher expression of antioxidative genes and less reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Meanwhile, higher content of D1 protein and higher ratio of (A+Z)/(V+A+Z) were also detected in Ca2+-treated plants under such stress. These results showed that Ca2+ could help protect the peanut photosynthetic system from severe photoinhibition under heat and HI stress by accelerating the repair of D1 protein and improving the de-epoxidation ratio of the xanthophyll cycle. Furthermore, EGTA (a chelant of Ca ion), LaCl3 (a blocker of Ca2+ channel in cytoplasmic membrane), and CPZ [a calmodulin (CaM) antagonist] were used to analyze the effects of Ca2+/CaM on the variation of (A+Z)/(V+A+Z) (%) and the expression of violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE). The results indicated that CaM, an important component of the Ca2+ signal transduction pathway, mediated the expression of the VDE gene in the presence of Ca to improve the xanthophyll cycle.
机译：花生是钙质植物之一。钙（Ca）在大量信号通路中充当着普遍存在的中心枢纽。外源硝酸钙[Ca（NO3）2]（6 mM）对光系统II（PSII）天线中多余激发能的耗散的影响，特别是对受热的花生植物中D1蛋白水平和叶黄素循环的影响（研究了40°C和高辐照度（HI）（1200 µmol m -2 s -1 ）应力的情况。与对照植物相比[在0 mM Ca（NO3）2培养基中培养]，在Ca 2 + 处理的植物中，PSII的最大光化学效率（Fv / Fm）在5 h后略有下降。应力，伴随着更高的非光化学猝灭（NPQ），更高的抗氧化基因表达和更少的活性氧（ROS）积累。同时，在这种胁迫下，Ca 2 + 处理过的植物中D1蛋白含量较高，（A + Z）/（V + A + Z）比例也较高。这些结果表明，Ca 2 + 可以通过加速D1蛋白的修复并提高叶黄素循环的脱环氧化率，帮助保护花生光合系统免受高温和HI胁迫的严重光抑制。此外，使用EGTA（钙离子的螯合剂），LaCl3（细胞质膜中的Ca 2 + 通道的阻滞剂）和CPZ（钙调蛋白（CaM）拮抗剂）来分析Ca的作用。 2 + / CaM对（A + Z）/（V + A + Z）（％）的变化和紫黄质脱环氧酶（VDE）的表达的影响。结果表明，CaM是Ca 2 + 信号转导通路的重要组成部分，在Ca存在下介导VDE基因的表达，从而改善了叶黄素循环。

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