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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Trans-Equatorial Migration Routes Staging Sites and Wintering Areas of a High-Arctic Avian Predator: The Long-tailed Skua (Stercorarius longicaudus)
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Trans-Equatorial Migration Routes Staging Sites and Wintering Areas of a High-Arctic Avian Predator: The Long-tailed Skua (Stercorarius longicaudus)

机译：高北极鸟类捕食者的越赤道迁移路线分期地点和越冬地区：长尾贼鸥（Stercorarius longicaudus）

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The Long-tailed Skua, a small (<300 g) Arctic-breeding predator and seabird, is a functionally very important component of the Arctic vertebrate communities in summer, but little is known about its migration and winter distribution. We used light-level geolocators to track the annual movements of eight adult birds breeding in north-east Greenland (n = 3) and Svalbard (n = 5). All birds wintered in the Southern Hemisphere (mean arrival-departure dates on wintering grounds: 24 October-21 March): five along the south-west coast of Africa (0–40°S, 0–15°E), in the productive Benguela upwelling, and three further south (30–40°S, 0–50°E), in an area extending into the south-west Indian Ocean. Different migratory routes and rates of travel were documented during post-breeding (345 km d−1 in late August-early September) and spring migrations (235 km d−1 in late April) when most birds used a more westerly flyway. Among the different staging areas, a large region off the Grand Banks of Newfoundland appears to be the most important. It was used in autumn by all but one of the tracked birds (from a few days to three weeks) and in spring by five out of eight birds (from one to more than six weeks). Two other staging sites, off the Iberian coast and near the Azores, were used by two birds in spring for five to six weeks. Over one year, individuals travelled between 43,900 and 54,200 km (36,600–45,700 when excluding staging periods) and went as far as 10,500–13,700 km (mean 12,800 km) from their breeding sites. This study has revealed important marine areas in both the south and north Atlantic Ocean. Sustainable management of these ocean basins will benefit Long-tailed Skuas as well as other trans-equatorial migrants from the Arctic.
机译：长尾Sk（Scaua）是一种小型（<300 g）北极繁殖捕食者和海鸟，在夏季是北极脊椎动物群落的功能非常重要的组成部分，但对其迁徙和冬季分布知之甚少。我们使用光位定位仪来追踪在东北格陵兰（n = 3）和斯瓦尔巴群岛（n = 5）繁殖的八只成年鸟类的年度运动。南半球所有过冬的鸟类（过冬时的平均到达/离开日期：10月24日至3月21日）：非洲西南沿海（0–40°S，0–15°E）有五只Benguela上升流，以及向南延伸到印度洋西南部的一个区域，进一步向南三个（30-40°S，0-50°E）。在繁殖后（8月下旬至9月初的345 km d -1 ）和春季迁徙（235 km d -1 ）期间记录了不同的迁徙路线和旅行速度。 4月下旬），当时大多数鸟类都使用了更西风的飞行通道。在不同的暂存区中，纽芬兰大银行附近的一个大区域似乎是最重要的。秋季，只有一只被追踪的鸟类（从几天到三周）使用了它，在春季，八只鸟中有五只（从一到六个星期）使用了它。春季，两只鸟在伊比利亚海岸外和亚速尔群岛附近使用了另外两个登载地点，历时五至六周。在一年多的时间里，个体旅行了43,900到54,200公里（不包括暂存期，则为36,600-45,700公里），并且距繁殖地点最远为10,500-13,700公里（平均12,800公里）。这项研究揭示了南大西洋和北大西洋的重要海域。这些海洋盆地的可持续管理将使长尾贼鸥以及其他来自北极的跨赤道移民受益。

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