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The First Symbiont-Free Genome Sequence of Marine Red Alga Susabi-nori (Pyropia yezoensis)

机译：海洋红藻的第一个共生体免费基因组序列susabi紫菜（pyropia条斑紫菜）

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摘要

Nori, a marine red alga, is one of the most profitable mariculture crops in the world. However, the biological properties of this macroalga are poorly understood at the molecular level. In this study, we determined the draft genome sequence of susabi-nori (Pyropia yezoensis) using next-generation sequencing platforms. For sequencing, thalli of P. yezoensis were washed to remove bacteria attached on the cell surface and enzymatically prepared as purified protoplasts. The assembled contig size of the P. yezoensis nuclear genome was approximately 43 megabases (Mb), which is an order of magnitude smaller than the previously estimated genome size. A total of 10,327 gene models were predicted and about 60% of the genes validated lack introns and the other genes have shorter introns compared to large-genome algae, which is consistent with the compact size of the P. yezoensis genome. A sequence homology search showed that 3,611 genes (35%) are functionally unknown and only 2,069 gene groups are in common with those of the unicellular red alga, Cyanidioschyzon merolae. As color trait determinants of red algae, light-harvesting genes involved in the phycobilisome were predicted from the P. yezoensis nuclear genome. In particular, we found a second homolog of phycobilisome-degradation gene, which is usually chloroplast-encoded, possibly providing a novel target for color fading of susabi-nori in aquaculture. These findings shed light on unexplained features of macroalgal genes and genomes, and suggest that the genome of P. yezoensis is a promising model genome of marine red algae.
机译：紫菜是一种海洋红藻，是世界上最赚钱的海水养殖作物之一。但是，这种大藻类的生物学特性在分子水平上了解得很少。在这项研究中，我们使用下一代测序平台确定了苏比亚－苏里（Pyropia yezoensis）的基因组序列草案。为了进行测序，洗涤耶氏疟原虫的藻类以除去附着在细胞表面的细菌，并酶促制备为纯化的原生质体。野牛假单胞菌核基因组的组装重叠群大小约为43兆碱基（Mb），比先前估计的基因组大小小一个数量级。预测了总共10,327个基因模型，与大基因组藻类相比，约60％的已验证基因缺乏内含子，而其他基因的内含子更短，这与紫叶假单胞菌基因组的紧凑大小一致。序列同源性搜索显示3,611个基因（35％）在功能上是未知的，只有2,069个基因组与单细胞红藻Cyanidioschyzon merolae的相同。作为红藻的颜色特征决定因素，从紫叶假单胞菌核基因组预测了与藻胆体有关的光收集基因。特别是，我们发现了藻胆体降解基因的第二个同源物，通常是叶绿体编码的，可能为水产养殖中苏必比色的褪色提供了新的靶标。这些发现揭示了巨藻基因和基因组的无法解释的特征，并表明斑节对虾的基因组是有前途的海洋红藻模型基因组。

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