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Interpersonal and Genetic Origins of Adult Attachment Styles: A Longitudinal Study from Infancy to Early Adulthood

机译：成人依恋风格的人际关系和遗传起源：从临床到成年早期的纵向研究

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摘要

One of the assumptions of attachment theory is that individual differences in adult attachment styles emerge from individuals’ developmental histories. To examine this assumption empirically the authors report data from an age 18 follow-up () of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, a longitudinal investigation that tracked a cohort of children and their parents from birth to age 15. Analyses indicate that individual differences in adult attachment can be traced to variations in the quality of individuals’ caregiving environments, their emerging social competence, and the quality of their best friendship. Analyses also indicate that assessments of temperament and most of the specific genetic polymorphisms thus far examined in the literature on genetic correlates of attachment styles were essentially uncorrelated with adult attachment, with the exception of a polymorphism in the serotonin receptor gene (HTR2A rs6313), which modestly predicted higher attachment anxiety and that revealed a G × E interaction such that changes in maternal sensitivity across time predicted attachment-related avoidance. The implications of these data for contemporary perspectives and debates concerning adult attachment theory are discussed.
机译：依恋理论的一种假设是，成人依恋风格的个体差异来自于个体的发展历史。为了从经验上检验这一假设，作者报告了NICHD早期儿童保育和青少年发展研究的18岁以下随访数据，该纵向研究追踪了从出生到15岁的一群儿童及其父母。成年人依恋的个体差异可以追溯到个体护理环境质量，他们新兴的社交能力以及最佳友谊质量的变化。分析还表明，迄今为止对气质和大多数特定遗传多态性的评估在文献中对依恋类型的遗传相关性进行了评估，与5-羟色胺受体基因（HTR2A rs6313）的多态性基本上与成人依恋无关。适度地预测较高的依恋焦虑，并显示出G×E相互作用，从而随着时间的推移，母体敏感性的变化可预测与依恋相关的回避。讨论了这些数据对于当代观点和有关成人依恋理论的辩论的意义。

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