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Cumulative Exposure to Neighborhood Context: Consequences for Health Transitions over the Adult Life Course

机译:累计接触邻里背景:对成年生命课程的健康过渡的后果

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摘要

Over the last two decades, research has assessed the relationship between neighborhood socioeconomic factors and individual health. However, existing research is based almost exclusively on cross-sectional data, ignoring the complexity in health transitions that may be shaped by long term residential exposures. We address these limitations by specifying distinct health transitions over multiple waves of a 15 year study of American adults. We focus on transitions between a hierarchy of health states, (free from health problems, onset of health problems, and death), not just gradients in a single health indicator over time, and use a cumulative measure of exposure to neighborhoods over adulthood. We find that cumulative exposure to neighborhood disadvantage has significant effects on functional decline and mortality. Research ignoring a persons’ history of exposure to residential contexts over the life course runs the risk of underestimating the role of neighborhood disadvantage on health.
机译:在过去的二十年中,研究评估了邻里社会经济因素与个人健康之间的关系。但是,现有研究几乎完全基于横截面数据,而忽略了长期居住场所暴露可能影响的健康过渡的复杂性。我们通过对美国成年人进行的为期15年的研究,通过多次浪潮中不同的健康过渡来解决这些局限性。我们关注的是健康状态层次结构之间的转换(不存在健康问题,健康问题的发作和死亡),而不仅仅是单个健康指标随时间的梯度,并且使用了成年后暴露于邻里的累积量度。我们发现累积的邻里不利条件对功能下降和死亡率有重大影响。忽视一个人在一生中接触过住宅环境的历史的研究可能会低估邻里劣势对健康的作用。

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