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Neogene Fallout Tuffs from the Yellowstone Hotspot in the Columbia Plateau Region Oregon Washington and Idaho USA

机译：新近辐射凝灰岩从黄石热点在哥伦比亚高原地区俄勒冈州华盛顿州和爱达荷州美国

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摘要

Sedimentary sequences in the Columbia Plateau region of the Pacific Northwest ranging in age from 16–4 Ma contain fallout tuffs whose origins lie in volcanic centers of the Yellowstone hotspot in northwestern Nevada, eastern Oregon and the Snake River Plain in Idaho. Silicic volcanism began in the region contemporaneously with early eruptions of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG), and the abundance of widespread fallout tuffs provides the opportunity to establish a tephrostratigrahic framework for the region. Sedimentary basins with volcaniclastic deposits also contain diverse assemblages of fauna and flora that were preserved during the Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum, including Sucker Creek, Mascall, Latah, Virgin Valley and Trout Creek. Correlation of ashfall units establish that the lower Bully Creek Formation in eastern Oregon is contemporaneous with the Virgin Valley Formation, the Sucker Creek Formation, Oregon and Idaho, Trout Creek Formation, Oregon, and the Latah Formation in the Clearwater Embayment in Washington and Idaho. In addition, it can be established that the Trout Creek flora are younger than the Mascall and Latah flora. A tentative correlation of a fallout tuff from the Clarkia fossil beds, Idaho, with a pumice bed in the Bully Creek Formation places the remarkably well preserved Clarkia flora assemblage between the Mascall and Trout Creek flora. Large-volume supereruptions that originated between 11.8 and 10.1 Ma from the Bruneau-Jarbidge and Twin Falls volcanic centers of the Yellowstone hotspot in the central Snake River Plain deposited voluminous fallout tuffs in the Ellensberg Formation which forms sedimentary interbeds in the CRBG. These occurrences extend the known distribution of these fallout tuffs 500 km to the northwest of their source in the Snake River Plain. Heretofore, the distal products of these large eruptions had only been recognized to the east of their sources in the High Plains of Nebraska and Kansas.
机译：西北太平洋哥伦比亚高原地区的沉积序列年龄在16-4 Ma之间，其沉积凝灰岩起源于内华达州西北部黄石热点的火山中心，俄勒冈州东部和爱达荷州的蛇河平原。硅质火山活动是在哥伦比亚河玄武岩群（CRBG）早期爆发的同时开始的，该地区大量的尘埃凝灰岩为建立该地区的斜方晶系框架提供了机会。带有火山碎屑沉积物的沉积盆地也包含在中新世最佳气候时期保存的动植物群，包括Sucker Creek，Mascall，Latah，Virgin Valley和Trout Creek。灰烬单位的相关性表明，俄勒冈州东部的下Bully Creek组与维京河谷组，Sucker Creek组，俄勒冈和爱达荷州，华盛顿州和爱达荷州的Clearwater Embay中的Trout Creek组和拉塔组同时存在。此外，可以确定鳟鱼溪的植物区系比Mascall和Latah的植物区系年轻。克拉克迪亚化石床爱达荷州的沉降凝灰岩与布利克里克组中的浮石的初步关联认为，保存良好的克拉克里亚植物群组合位于马斯考尔和鳟鱼溪植物群之间。大蛇爆发起源于中部蛇河平原黄石热点的布鲁诺-贾比治和双子瀑布火山中心的11.8至10.1 Ma之间，在Ellensberg组沉积了大量的凝灰岩，形成了CRBG中的沉积夹层。这些事件将这些凝灰岩的已知分布扩展到了蛇河平原源头西北方500公里处。迄今为止，这些大火山喷发的末梢产物仅在内布拉斯加高原和堪萨斯高平原的来源以东才被认识到。

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    Barbara P. Nash; Michael E. Perkins;

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  • 年(卷),期 -1(7),10
  • 年度 -1
  • 页码 e44205
  • 总页数 13
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