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Cognitive control influences the use of meaning relations during spoken sentence comprehension

机译：认知控制影响了句子理解中的意义关系的使用

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摘要

The aim of this study was to investigate individual differences in the influence of lexical association on word recognition during auditory sentence processing. Lexical associations among individual words (e.g. salt and pepper) represent one type of semantic information that is available during the processing of words in context. We predicted that individuals would vary in their sensitivity to this type of local context as a function of suppression ability and working-memory capacity. Lexical association was manipulated in auditory sentence contexts, and multiple regression analyses were employed to examine the relation between individuals’ brain responses to meaning relations in sentences and measures of working-memory capacity, cognitive control and vocabulary. Lexical association influenced the processing of words that were embedded in sentences and also showed a great deal of individual variability. Specifically, suppression ability emerged as a significant predictor of sensitivity to lexical association, such that individuals who performed poorly on our measure of suppression ability (the Stroop task), compared to those who performed well, showed larger N400 effects of lexical association.
机译：这项研究的目的是调查听觉句子处理过程中词汇联想对单词识别影响的个体差异。单个单词（例如，盐和胡椒）之间的词汇关联代表一种语义信息，可在上下文中处理单词时使用。我们预测，个体对这种局部情境的敏感性会随着抑制能力和工作记忆能力的变化而变化。在听觉句子语境中操纵了词汇联想，并进行了多元回归分析，以检验个人大脑对句子中意义关系的反应与工作记忆能力，认知控制和词汇量度之间的关系。词汇联想影响了句子中嵌入单词的处理，并且还表现出很大的个体差异性。具体而言，抑制能力已成为对词汇联想敏感度的重要预测指标，因此，与表现良好的个体相比，在我们对抑制能力的测量中表现不佳的人（Stroop任务）表现出更大的词汇联想N400效应。

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