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A Review on the Importance of Metals and Metalloids in Atmospheric Dust and Aerosol from Mining Operations

机译：采矿业务中大气尘埃和气溶胶中金属和金属的重要性综述

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Contaminants can be transported rapidly and over relatively long distances by atmospheric dust and aerosol relative to other media such as water, soil and biota; yet few studies have explicitly evaluated the environmental implications of this pathway, making it a fundamental but understudied transport mechanism. Although there are numerous natural and anthropogenic activities that can increase dust and aerosol emissions and contaminant levels in the environment, mining operations are notable with respect to the quantity of particulates generated, the global extent of area impacted, and the toxicity of contaminants associated with the emissions. Here we review (i) the environmental fate and transport of metals and metalloids in dust and aerosol from mining operations, (ii) current methodologies used to assess contaminant concentrations and particulate emissions, and (iii) the potential health and environmental risks associated with airborne contaminants from mining operations. The review evaluates future research priorities based on the available literature and suggest that there is a particular need to measure and understand the generation, fate and transport of airborne particulates from mining operations, specifically the finer particle fraction. More generally, our findings suggest that mining operations play an important but underappreciated role in the generation of contaminated atmospheric dust and aerosol and the transport of metal and metalloid contaminants, and highlight the need for further research in this area. The role of mining activities in the fate and transport of environmental contaminants may become increasingly important in the coming decades, as climate change and land use are projected to intensify, both of which can substantially increase the potential for dust emissions and transport.
机译：污染物可以通过相对于其他介质（如水，土壤和Biota）的其他介质在大气粉尘和气溶胶中快速且相对长的距离运输;然而，很少有研究已经明确评估了这种途径的环境影响，使其成为一个基本而被人的运输机制。虽然存在许多天然和人为的活动，可以增加粉尘和气溶胶排放和环境中的污染物水平，但采矿作业对于产生的颗粒量而言，造成的颗粒的量显着，受影响的区域的全球范围，以及与之相关的污染物的毒性排放。在这里，我们评论（i）来自采矿业务的粉尘和气溶胶中的金属和金属和金属的环境命运和金属，用于评估污染物浓度和微粒排放的当前方法，以及（iii）与空中相关的潜在健康和环境风险采矿业务的污染物。该审查根据可用文献评估未来的研究优先事项，并提出特别需要衡量和了解来自采矿作业的空气传播颗粒的一代，命运和运输，具体是更精细的粒子级分。我们的研究结果表明，采矿业务在产生污染的大气粉尘和气溶胶以及金属和金属污染物的运输中发挥着重要但低估的作用，并突出了对该地区进一步研究的需求。采矿活动在未来几十年中，矿业活动在命运和运输中的作用可能在未来几十年中变得越来越重要，因为将气候变化和土地利用预计加剧，这两者都可以大大增加尘埃排放和运输的潜力。

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