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ALCOHOL USE DISORDERS IN THE ELDERLY: A BRIEF OVERVIEW FROM EPIDEMIOLOGY TO TREATMENT OPTIONS

机译：老年人的酒精使用障碍：从流行病学到治疗方案的简要概述

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Alcohol-use-disorders (AUDs) afflict 1–3% of elderly subjects. The CAGE, SMAST-G, and AUDIT are the most common and validated questionnaires used to identify AUDs in the elderly, and some laboratory markers of alcohol abuse (AST, GGT, MCV, and CDT) may also be helpful. In particular, the sensitivity of MCV or GGT in detecting alcohol misuse is higher in older than in younger populations. The incidence of medical and neurological complications during alcohol withdrawal syndrome in elderly alcoholics is higher than in younger alcoholics. Chronic alcohol abuse is associated with tissue damage to several organs. Namely, an increased level of blood pressure is more frequent in the elderly than in younger adults, and a greater vulnerability to the onset of alcoholic liver disease, and an increasing risk of breast cancer in menopausal women have been described. In addition, the prevalence of dementia in elderly alcoholics is almost 5 times higher than in non-alcoholic elderly individuals, approximately 25% of elderly patients with dementia also present AUDs, and almost 20% of individuals aged 65 and over with a diagnosis of depression have a co-occurring AUD. Moreover, prevention of drinking relapse in older alcoholics is, in some cases, better than in younger patients; indeed, more than 20% of treated elderly alcohol-dependent patients remain abstinent after four years. Considering that the incidence of AUDs in the elderly is fairly high, and AUDs in the elderly are still underestimated, more studies in the fields of epidemiology, prevention and pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment of AUDs in the elderly are warranted.
机译：酒精使用障碍（AUDS）折磨1-3％的老年人。笼子，smast-g和审计是用于识别老年人的澳元的最常见和验证的问卷，以及一些酒精滥用的实验室标记（AST，GGT，MCV和CDT）也可能有所帮助。特别地，MCV或GGT在检测醇滥用中的敏感性比年轻人群更高。在老年酗酒者中酒精戒断综合征期间医学和神经系统并发症的发病率高于较年轻的酗酒者。慢性酒精滥用与若干器官的组织损伤有关。即，老年人的血压水平增加比年轻人更频繁，并且已经描述了对酒精性肝病发病的更大脆弱性，以及日期血症女性中乳腺癌的增加风险。此外，老年酗酒者的痴呆症患病率差计高于非酒精性老年人（非酒精老年人），约25％的老年痴呆患者也提出了澳元，而近20％的人为65岁及以上的抑郁症诊断有一个共同的澳元。此外，在某些情况下，预防老年酗酒者的复发是比年轻患者更好;实际上，超过20％的治疗患者依赖患者仍然在四年后仍然戒备。考虑到老年人在老年人的发病率相当高，并且老年人的澳大利亚仍然低估了，在老年人的流行病学，预防和药理学和心理治疗的澳元的田间进行了更多的研究。

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