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Developmental sex differences in basic visuospatial processing: Differences in strategy use?

机译：基本视觉空间加工过程中的发育性别差异：策略使用上的差异？

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Functional neuroimaging studies investigating sex differences in visuospatial processing traditionally focus on mental rotation tasks in adults, as it is a consistently robust finding, with a limited number of studies examining tasks tapping visuospatial skills at a more basic level. Furthermore, fewer studies have examined this issue in conjunction with investigating whether differences exist in younger populations. Therefore, functional neuroimaging was used to examine whether sex-based differences exist and/or develop during childhood. Thirty-two participants, matched on performance, participated in this study. Overall, both groups showed overlapping activation in bilateral superior parietal lobe, extrastriate cortex, and cerebellum; differences between the sexes showed that males had significantly greater activation in right lingual gyrus and cerebellum. Formal comparisons between age groups revealed that older males show engagement of left hemisphere regions, while females show greater bilateral (R > L) engagement of regions traditionally associated with visuospatial processing. Together, these results suggest that older males, as compared to younger males, may engage regions that are associated with a visuomotor network, whereas females utilize areas indicated in spatial attention and working memory. Furthermore, these results could also suggest that there may be differences in strategy use that are evident early on and may continue to develop over time evident by differential engagement of networks associated with visuospatial processing. Our data provide evidence for sex-based differences in the neural basis of visuospatial processing.
机译：传统上，研究视觉空间加工过程中性别差异的功能性神经影像学研究主要关注成年人的心理旋转任务，因为这是一项持续可靠的发现，很少有研究在更基本的水平上研究挖掘视觉空间技能的任务。此外，很少有研究结合调查年轻人口中是否存在差异来研究这个问题。因此，功能性神经影像学被用于检查儿童时期是否存在和/或发展出基于性别的差异。 32名参与者，在表现上相匹配，参加了这项研究。总体而言，两组均显示双侧上顶叶，阔纹皮层和小脑重叠激活。男女之间的差异表明，男性的右舌回和小脑的激活明显增强。年龄组之间的正式比较显示，年龄较大的男性表现出左半球区域的参与，而女性表现出传统上与视觉空间加工相关的区域更大的双边（R> L）参与。总之，这些结果表明，与较年轻的男性相比，年龄较大的男性可能参与与运动运动网络相关的区域，而女性则利用空间注意力和工作记忆中指示的区域。此外，这些结果还可能表明，在策略使用方面可能存在差异，这种差异在早期就很明显，并且随着时间的流逝而不断发展，与视觉空间处理相关联的网络的差异参与明显。我们的数据提供了视觉空间处理神经基础中基于性别的差异的证据。

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