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Welfare Policies and Very Young Children: Experimental Data on Stage–Environment Fit

机译：福利政策和非常小的孩子：舞台环境适应性的实验数据

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摘要

The authors examined the effects of welfare programs that increased maternal employment and family income on the development of very young children using data from 5 random-assignment experiments. The children were 6 months to 3 years old when their mothers entered the programs; cognitive and behavioral outcomes were measured 2–5 years later. While there were no overall program impacts, positive or negative, on the development of children in this age group, there was a pair of domain- and age-specific effects: The programs decreased positive social behavior among 1-year-olds and increased school achievement among 2-year-olds. After exploring several explanations for these results, the authors suggest that the contextual changes engendered by the programs, including children's exposure to center-based child care, interacted differentially with specific developmental transitions.
机译：作者使用5个随机分配实验的数据，研究了增加孕产妇就业和家庭收入的福利计划对非常小的孩子发育的影响。当母亲参加该计划时，孩子们的年龄为6个月至3岁；在2-5年后测量认知和行为结果。虽然该计划并未对该年龄段的儿童的发展产生总体或正面或负面的影响，但存在一对针对特定领域和特定年龄段的影响：这些计划减少了1岁儿童的积极社交行为，并增加了学龄2岁儿童的成就。在探索了对这些结果的几种解释之后，作者们认为，该计划引起的情境变化，包括儿童对中心儿童保育的暴露，与特定的发展过渡有不同的相互作用。

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