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Environmental Justice Implications of Reduced Reporting Requirements of the Toxics Release Inventory Burden Reduction Rule

机译：减少有毒物质释放清单负担规则的报告要求的环境正义含义

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摘要

This paper presents a geographic information systems (GIS) methodology for evaluating the environmental justice implications of the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) Burden Reduction Rule, which was issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in December 2006 under the authority of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986. This rule exempts industrial facilities meeting certain higher reporting thresholds from filing detailed reports about the quantities of chemicals used, released, or managed as waste. Our analytical approach examines demographic characteristics within a 1 km, 3 km, and 5 km buffer around a georeferenced facility location, applied on a national, regional, and state scale. The distance-based GIS analysis demonstrates that TRI facilities that are eligible for reduced reporting are more likely to be located in proximity to communities with a higher percentage of minority and low-income residents. The differences are more pronounced for percent minority and percent minority under age 5 in comparison to percent in poverty, and the demographic differences are more apparent at increasingly resolved geographic scales.
机译：本文提出了一种地理信息系统（GIS）方法，用于评估《有毒物质排放清单（TRI）减轻负担规则》对环境正义的影响，该规则由美国环境保护局于2006年12月在紧急计划和社区授权下发布1986年《知情权法》。该规则免除了达到某些较高报告阈值的工业设施的要求，无需详细记录有关使用，释放或管理为废物的化学物质的数量。我们的分析方法研究了地理参考设施位置周围1 km，3 km和5 km缓冲区内的人口统计特征，并在国家，地区和州范围内进行了应用。基于距离的GIS分析表明，符合减少报告要求的TRI设施更可能位于少数族裔和低收入居民百分比较高的社区附近。与贫困百分比相比，少数民族百分比和5岁以下的少数民族百分比的差异更加明显，而且在地理分辨率日益提高的情况下，人口差异更为明显。

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