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Voxel based modeling and quantification of the proximal femur using inter-subject registration of quantitative CT images

机译：基于体素的股骨近端建模和定量采用受试者间配准的定量CT图像

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We have developed a general framework which employs quantitative computed tomography (QCT) imaging and inter-subject image registration to model the three-dimensional structure of the hip, with the goal of quantifying changes in the spatial distribution of bone as it is affected by aging, drug treatment or mechanical unloading. We have adapted rigid and non-rigid inter-subject registration techniques to transform groups of hip QCT scans into a common reference space and to construct composite proximal femoral models. We have applied this technique to a longitudinal study of 16 astronauts who on average, incurred high losses of hip bone density during spaceflights of 4–6 months on the International Space Station (ISS). We compared the pre-flight and post-flight composite hip models, and observed the gradients of the bone loss distribution. We performed paired t-tests, on a voxel by voxel basis, corrected for multiple comparisons using false discovery rate (FDR), and observed regions inside the proximal femur that showed the most significant bone loss. To validate our registration algorithm, we selected the 16 pre-flight scans and manually marked 4 landmarks for each scan. After registration, the average distance between the mapped landmarks and the corresponding landmarks in the target scan was 2.56mm. The average error due to manual landmark identification was 1.70 mm.
机译：我们已经开发了一个通用框架，该框架采用定量计算机断层扫描（QCT）成像和受试者间图像配准来模拟髋关节的三维结构，目的是量化受衰老影响的骨骼空间分布的变化，药物治疗或机械卸载。我们已经采用了刚性和非刚性的受试者间配准技术，将髋部QCT扫描的组转换为公共参考空间并构建复合的股骨近端模型。我们已将此技术应用于对16名宇航员的纵向研究，这些宇航员在国际空间站（ISS）上进行4-6个月的太空飞行时，平均会造成髋骨密度的大量损失。我们比较了飞行前和飞行后的复合髋关节模型，并观察了骨损失分布的梯度。我们在逐个体素的基础上进行了配对t检验，使用错误发现率（FDR）对多个比较进行了校正，并观察了股骨近端内部显示出最大骨丢失的区域。为了验证我们的注册算法，我们选择了16个飞行前扫描，并为每个扫描手动标记了4个地标。配准后，目标扫描中映射的地标与相应地标之间的平均距离为2.56mm。由于手动标记识别的平均误差为1.70毫米。

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