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On the age dynamics of learned societies—taking the example of the Austrian Academy of Sciences

机译:关于知识型社会的年龄动态-以奥地利科学院为例

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摘要

In a hierarchical organisation of stable size the annual intake is strictly determined by the number of deaths and a statutory retirement age (if there is one). In this paper we reconstruct the population of the Austrian Academy of Sciences from 1847 to 2005. For the Austrian Academy of Sciences we observe a shift of its age distribution towards older ages, which on the one hand is due to rising life expectancy, i.e., a rising age at death, as well as to an increased age at entry on the other hand. Therefore the number of new entrants has been fluctuating considerably—especially reflecting several statutory changes—and the length of tenure before reaching the age limit has declined during the second half of the last century.Based on alternative scenarios of the age distribution of incoming members—including a young, an old, the ‘current’ and a mixed-age model—we then project the population of the Austrian Academy and its ageing forward in time. Our results indicate that the ‘optimum policy’ would be to elect either young or old aged new members.
机译:在规模稳定的等级制组织中,年摄入量严格取决于死亡人数和法定退休年龄(如果有)。在本文中,我们重建了1847年至2005年奥地利科学院的人口。对于奥地利科学院,我们观察到其年龄分布朝着较高年龄的转变,这一方面是由于预期寿命的延长,即另一方面,死亡年龄的增加,以及入境时年龄的增加。因此,新进入者的数量一直在大幅波动-特别是反映了一些法定变化-并且在达到年龄限制之前的任期长度在上个世纪下半叶有所下降。根据新加入成员年龄分布的替代方案,包括年轻人,老人,“当下”和混合年龄的模型,然后我们将奥地利学院的人口及其老化情况及时预测。我们的结果表明,“最佳政策”将是选举年轻或老年的新成员。

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