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Actigraphic estimates of circadian rhythms and sleep/wake in older schizophrenia patients

机译：老年精神分裂症患者的昼夜节律和睡眠/觉醒的活动估计

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Twenty-four hour circadian activity rhythms and light-exposure levels of 28 older schizophrenia patients (mean age=58 years) were examined using an Actillume recorder. Sleep and wake were scored using the algorithm of the ACTION3 software which revealed that the patients slept for 67% of the night and napped for 9% of the day. Patients with more disturbed sleep and less robust circadian rhythms performed more poorly on neuropsychological tests. Patients with higher cognitive functioning and fewer extrapyramidal symptoms were more alert during the day. Few patients were exposed to high levels of illumination during the day, and older age was associated with lower levels of light exposure. Duration of antipsychotic use and higher antipsychotic doses were associated with decreased daytime alertness and less robust circadian activity rhythms. Patients taking antipsychotics were more sleepy both during the day and night than patients not taking antipsychotics. The circadian rhythm disturbances found in these patients did not seem to be due solely to low levels of illumination exposure. Life-style factors, behavioral factors, psychiatric symptoms and medications were likely contributors to the disturbed rhythms. The effects of the sleep disturbances did not seem to be benign. There were strong relationships between sleep and circadian rhythms and functioning.
机译：使用Actillume记录仪检查了28名老年精神分裂症患者（平均年龄= 58岁）的24小时昼夜活动节奏和光照水平。使用ACTION3软件的算法对睡眠和苏醒进行评分，该算法显示患者在整夜的睡眠中占67％，在白天睡眠的占9％。睡眠受干扰较大且昼夜节律较弱的患者在神经心理学测试中表现较差。认知功能较高且锥体束外症状较少的患者白天更加机敏。白天很少有患者暴露于高水平的照明下，而年龄较大则与较低水平的光照有关。使用抗精神病药物的持续时间和较高的抗精神病药物剂量与日间警觉性降低和昼夜节律活动节奏减弱有关。与未服用抗精神病药的患者相比，服用抗精神病药的患者在白天和晚上都更加困倦。在这些患者中发现的昼夜节律紊乱似乎并非仅是由于低水平的光照暴露所致。生活方式因素，行为因素，精神症状和药物可能是造成节律紊乱的原因。睡眠障碍的影响似乎不是良性的。睡眠与昼夜节律和功能之间存在密切关系。

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