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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>other >Multiple γ-Aminobutyric Acid Plasma Membrane Transporters (GAT-1 GAT-2 GAT-3) in the Rat Retina
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Multiple γ-Aminobutyric Acid Plasma Membrane Transporters (GAT-1 GAT-2 GAT-3) in the Rat Retina

机译：大鼠视网膜中多种γ-氨基丁酸血浆膜转运蛋白（GAT-1GAT-2GAT-3）

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γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) plasma membrane transporters (GATS) influence synaptic neurotransmission by high-affinity uptake and release of GABA. The distribution and cellular localization of GAT-1, GAT-2, and GAT-3 in the rat retina have been evaluated by using affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies directed to the C terminus of each of these GAT subtypes. Small GAT-1–immunoreactive cell bodies were located in the proximal inner nuclear layer (INL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL), and processes were distributed to all laminae of the interplexiform layer (IPL). Varicose processes were in the optic fiber layer (OFL) and the outer plexiform layer (OPL). Weak GAT-1 immunostaining surrounded cells in the INL and GCL, and it was found in the OFL and OPL and in numerous processes in the outer nuclear layer (ONL) that ended at the outer limiting membrane. GAT-1 is therefore strongly expressed by amacrine, displaced amacrine, and interplexiform cells and weakly expressed by Müller cells. GAT-2 immunostaining was observed in the retina pigment epithelium and the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium. GAT-3 immunoreactivity was distributed to the OFL, to all laminae of the IPL, GCL and INL, and to processes in the ONL that ended at the outer limiting membrane. Small GAT-3–immunoreactive cell bodies were in the proximal INL and GCL. GAT-3 is therefore strongly expressed by Müller cells, and by some amacrine and displaced amacrine cells. Together, these observations demonstrate a heterologous distribution of GATs in the retina. These transporters are likely to take up GABA from, and perhaps release GABA into, the synaptic cleft and extracellular space. This suggests that GATs regulate GABA levels in these areas and thus influence synaptic neurotransmission.
机译：γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）质膜转运蛋白（GATS）通过高亲和力摄取和释放GABA影响突触神经传递。通过使用针对每种GAT亚型C末端的亲和纯化多克隆抗体，已经评估了大鼠视网膜中GAT-1，GAT-2和GAT-3的分布和细胞定位。较小的GAT-1免疫反应性细胞体位于近端内核层（INL）和神经节细胞层（GCL）中，并且过程分布于中间层（IPL）的所有薄片。静脉曲张过程发生在光纤层（OFL）和外部丛状层（OPL）中。较弱的GAT-1免疫染色包围了INL和GCL中的细胞，并且在OFL和OPL中以及在终止于外部限制膜的外核层（ONL）的许多过程中发现了这种现象。因此，GAT-1在无固定蛋白，置换无固定蛋白和丛状细胞中强烈表达，而在Müller细胞中则弱表达。在视网膜色素上皮和非色素性睫状上皮中观察到GAT-2免疫染色。 GAT-3免疫反应性分布于OFL，IPL，GCL和INL的所有薄片以及ONL中终止于外部限制膜的过程。小GAT-3免疫反应性细胞体位于近端INL和GCL中。因此，Müller细胞，某些无长蛋白和置换无长蛋白细胞强烈表达GAT-3。这些观察结果一起证明了GAT在视网膜中的异源分布。这些转运蛋白很可能从突触间隙和细胞外空间吸收GABA，并可能释放GABA。这表明GAT调节这些区域的GABA水平，从而影响突触神经传递。

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