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Subtypes of Neurohypophyseal Nonapeptide Receptors and Their Functions in Rat Kidneys

机译:大鼠肾下垂体九肽受体的亚型及其功能

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摘要

The nonapeptides of neurohypophysis, vasotocin and mesotocin, detected in mostvertebrates, are replaced by vasopressin and oxytocin in mammals. Usingbioinformatics methods, we determined the spectrum of receptor subtypes forthese hormones in mammals and their physiological effects in the kidneys ofrats. A search for sequences similar to the vertebrate vasotocin receptor byproteomes and transcriptomas of nine mammalian species and the rat genomerevealed three subtypes of vasopressin receptors (V1a, V1b, and V2) and onetype of oxytocin receptors. In the kidneys of non-anesthetized rats, whichreceived a water load of 2 ml per 100 g of body weight, three effects ofvasopressin were revealed: 1) increased reabsorption of water and sodium, 2)increased excretion of potassium ions, and 3) increased excretion of sodiumions. It has been suggested that each of the effects on the kidney isassociated with selective stimulation of the vasopressin receptor subtypes V2,V1b, and V1a depending on the concentration of nonapeptide. In experiments onnon-anaesthetized rats with a water load, the injection of oxytocin reduces thereabsorption of solute-free water in the kidneys and increases the excretion ofsodium ions. The possible physiological mechanisms behind the realization ofboth effects with the participation of a single type of oxytocin receptors arebeing analyzed. Thus, the spectrum of activated receptor subtypes variesdepending on the current concentration of neurohypophyseal hormones, as aresult of which the predominant effect on renal function changes, which ensuresprecise regulation of water-salt homeostasis.
机译:在大多数患者中检出的神经垂体,血管毒素和中肠毒素的九肽在哺乳动物中,脊椎动物被血管加压素和催产素代替。使用生物信息学方法,我们确定了受体亚型的光谱哺乳动物中的这些激素及其在肾脏中的生理作用大鼠。通过搜寻与脊椎动物血管毒素受体相似的序列。九种哺乳动物物种和大鼠基因组的蛋白质组和转录本揭示了血管加压素受体的三种亚型(V1a,V1b和V2)和一种催产素受体的类型。在非麻醉大鼠的肾脏中每100克体重可承受2毫升水负荷,三效血管加压素显示:1)水和钠的重吸收增加,2)钾离子排泄增加,3)钠排泄增加离子。有人建议对肾脏的每种作用是与血管加压素受体亚型V2的选择性刺激有关,V1b和V1a取决于九肽的浓度。在实验中非麻醉大鼠加水负荷后,催产素的注射降低了肾脏中无溶质水的重吸收并增加了肾脏的排泄钠离子。实现这一目标的可能的生理机制单一类型的催产素受体参与的两种作用是被分析。因此,活化受体亚型的光谱变化取决于目前神经下垂体激素的浓度,对肾脏功能的主要影响发生变化的结果,从而确保精确调节水盐稳态。

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