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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Antioxidants >Chitosan Upregulates the Genes of the ROS Pathway and Enhances the Antioxidant Potential of Grape (Vitis vinifera L. ‘Touriga Franca’ and ’Tinto Cão’) Tissues
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Chitosan Upregulates the Genes of the ROS Pathway and Enhances the Antioxidant Potential of Grape (Vitis vinifera L. ‘Touriga Franca’ and ’Tinto Cão’) Tissues

机译：壳聚糖上调ROS途径的基因并增强葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.Touriga Franca和TintoCão）组织的抗氧化能力

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Chitosan is an environmentally-friendly active molecule that has been explored for numerous agricultural uses. Its use in crop protection is well-known, however, other properties, such as bioactivity, deserve attention. Moreover, the modes of actions of chitosan remain to be elucidated. The present study assessed the levels of total phenolic compounds, the antioxidant potential, and the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging genes in the berries (skins and seeds), leaves, cluster stems, and shoots upon chitosan application on two red grapevine varieties (Touriga Franca and Tinto Cão). The application of chitosan on the whole vine before and after veraison led to the increased levels of polyphenols, anthocyanins, and tannins in Tinto Cão berries, and polyphenols and tannins in Touriga Franca berries, respectively. CUPric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays indicated an increase in the antioxidant potential of berries. With the exception of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), all the ROS pathway genes tested, i.e., iron-superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD), copper-zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutaredoxin (Grx), respiratory burst oxidase (Rboh), amine oxidase (AO), peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), were found up-regulated in chitosan-treated berries. Results from the analyses of leaves, stems, and shoots revealed that chitosan not only induced the synthesis of phenolic compounds but also acted as a facilitator for the transfer of polyphenols from the leaves to the berries.
机译：壳聚糖是一种环保的活性分子，已被广泛用于多种农业用途。其在作物保护中的用途是众所周知的，但是其他特性，例如生物活性，也应引起注意。此外，壳聚糖的作用方式仍有待阐明。本研究评估了在两种红色葡萄藤上施用壳聚糖后，浆果（皮肤和种子），叶片，簇茎和枝条中总酚类化合物的水平，抗氧化剂潜力以及活性氧清除基因的表达。品种（Touriga Franca和TintoCão）。壳聚糖在整个葡萄藤上施用前后均会导致TintoCão浆果中的多酚，花色苷和单宁含量升高，而Touriga Franca浆果中的多酚和单宁含量升高。 CUPric还原抗氧化能力（CUPRAC）和铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）分析表明浆果的抗氧化能力有所提高。除抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）外，所有的ROS途径基因都经过测试，即铁超氧化物歧化酶（Fe-SOD），铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（Cu / Zn-SOD），过氧化氢酶（CAT），谷胱甘肽还原酶壳聚糖处理过的浆果中的谷胱甘肽（GR），谷胱甘肽毒素（Grx），呼吸爆发氧化酶（Rboh），胺氧化酶（AO），过氧化物酶（POD）和多酚氧化酶（PPO）被上调。对叶，茎和芽的分析结果表明，壳聚糖不仅诱导了酚类化合物的合成，而且还促进了多酚从叶向浆果的转移。

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