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Direct and indirect effects of environmental factors spatial constraints and functional traits on shaping the plant diversity of montane forests

机译：环境因素空间限制和功能性状对山地森林植物多样性形成的直接和间接影响

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Understanding the relative importance of the factors driving the patterns of biodiversity is a key research topic in community ecology and biogeography. However, the main drivers of plant species diversity in montane forests are still not clear. In addition, most existing studies make no distinction between direct and indirect effects of environmental factors and spatial constraints on plant biodiversity. Using data from 107 montane forest plots in Sichuan Giant Panda habitat, China, we quantified the direct and indirect effects of abiotic environmental factors, spatial constraints, and plant functional traits on plant community diversity. Our results showed significant correlations between abiotic environmental factors and trees (  = .10, value = .001), shrubs (  = .19, value = .001), or overall plant diversity (  = .18, value = .001) in montane forests. Spatial constraints also showed significant correlations with trees and shrubs. However, no significant correlations were found between functional traits and plant community diversity. Moreover, the diversity (richness and abundance) of shrubs, trees, and plant communities was directly affected by precipitation, latitude, and altitude. Mean annual temperature (MAT) had no direct effect on the richness of tree and plant communities. Further, MAT and precipitation indirectly affected plant communities via the tree canopy. The results revealed a stronger direct effect on montane plant diversity than indirect effect, suggesting that single‐species models may be adequate for forecasting the impacts of climate factors in these communities. The shifting of tree canopy coverage might be a potential indicator for trends of plant diversity under climate change.
机译：了解驱动生物多样性模式的因素的相对重要性是社区生态学和生物地理学的关键研究主题。但是，尚不清楚山地森林植物物种多样性的主要驱动因素。此外，大多数现有研究没有区分环境因素的直接和间接影响与空间限制对植物生物多样性的影响。使用来自中国四川大熊猫栖息地的107个山地森林样地的数据，我们量化了非生物环境因素，空间限制和植物功能性状对植物群落多样性的直接和间接影响。我们的结果显示，非生物环境因素与山上树木（= .10，价值= .001），灌木丛（= .19，价值= .001）或整体植物多样性（= .18，价值= .001）之间存在显着相关性森林。空间限制也显示出与树木和灌木的显着相关性。但是，在功能性状和植物群落多样性之间没有发现显着的相关性。此外，灌木，树木和植物群落的多样性（丰富度和丰度）直接受到降水，纬度和海拔高度的影响。年平均气温（MAT）对树木和植物群落的丰富度没有直接影响。此外，MAT和降水会通过树冠间接影响植物群落。结果表明，对山地植物多样性的直接影响要强于间接影响，这表明单物种模型可能足以预测气候因素对这些群落的影响。树木冠层覆盖度的变化可能是气候变化下植物多样性趋势的潜在指标。

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