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Habitat fragmentation influences genetic diversity and differentiation: Fine‐scale population structure of Cercis canadensis (eastern redbud)

机译：生境破碎化影响遗传多样性和分化：加拿大紫荆（东部紫荆）的小规模种群结构

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Forest fragmentation may negatively affect plants through reduced genetic diversity and increased population structure due to habitat isolation, decreased population size, and disturbance of pollen‐seed dispersal mechanisms. However, in the case of tree species, effective pollen‐seed dispersal, mating system, and ecological dynamics may help the species overcome the negative effect of forest fragmentation. A fine‐scale population genetics study can shed light on the postfragmentation genetic diversity and structure of a species. Here, we present the genetic diversity and population structure of L. (eastern redbud) wild populations on a fine scale within fragmented areas centered around the borders of Georgia–Tennessee, USA. We hypothesized high genetic diversity among the collections of distributed across smaller geographical ranges. Fifteen microsatellite loci were used to genotype 172 individuals from 18 unmanaged and naturally occurring collection sites. Our results indicated presence of population structure, overall high genetic diversity (  = 0.63,  = 0.34), and moderate genetic differentiation (  = 0.14) among the collection sites. Two major genetic clusters within the smaller geographical distribution were revealed by STRUCTURE. Our data suggest that native populations in the fragmented area around the Georgia–Tennessee border were able to maintain high levels of genetic diversity, despite the presence of considerable spatial genetic structure. As habitat isolation may negatively affect gene flow of outcrossing species across time, consequences of habitat fragmentation should be regularly monitored for this and other forest species. This study also has important implications for habitat management efforts and future breeding programs.
机译：由于生境隔离，种群数量减少以及花粉种子传播机制受到干扰，森林碎片化可能通过减少遗传多样性和增加种群结构而对植物产生不利影响。但是，就树木而言，有效的花粉种子传播，交配系统和生态动力学可能有助于该物种克服森林破碎化的负面影响。一项精细的种群遗传学研究可以揭示碎片化后物种的遗传多样性和物种结构。在这里，我们以美国乔治亚州-田纳西州边界为中心的零散区域，以小规模介绍了L.（东部紫荆）野生种群的遗传多样性和种群结构。我们假设分布在较小地理范围的集合之间的遗传多样性高。使用15个微卫星基因座对来自18个不受管理的自然发生收集点的172个个体进行基因分型。我们的结果表明存在种群结构，总体遗传多样性高（ = 0.63， = 0.34）和中等程度的遗传分化（ = 0.14）。结构揭示了较小地理分布内的两个主要遗传簇。我们的数据表明，尽管存在相当大的空间遗传结构，但格鲁吉亚-田纳西州边界附近的零散地区的土著居民仍能够维持高水平的遗传多样性。由于栖息地隔离可能会对跨界物种的基因流造成负面影响，因此应定期监测该物种和其他森林物种的栖息地破碎化后果。这项研究对栖息地管理工作和未来的繁殖计划也具有重要意义。

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