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Calcineurin promotes APC/C activation at meiotic exit by acting on both XErp1 and Cdc20

机译:钙调神经磷酸酶通过作用于XErp1和Cdc20促进减数分裂出口处的APC / C活化

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摘要

Vertebrate oocytes await fertilization arrested at metaphase of the second meiotic division. Fertilization triggers a transient calcium wave, which induces the activation of the anaphase‐promoting complex/cyclosome ( /C) and its co‐activator Cdc20 resulting in the destruction of cyclin B and hence meiotic exit. Two calcium‐dependent enzymes are implicated in fertilization‐induced / activation: calcium‐/calmodulin‐dependent kinase type (Ca ) and calcineurin (CaN). While the role of Ca in targeting the /C inhibitor rp1/Emi2 for destruction is well‐established, it remained elusive how CaN affects / activation. Here, we discover that CaN contributes to / activation in oocytes by two independent but interrelated mechanisms. First, it facilitates the degradation of rp1 by dephosphorylating it at a site that is part of a phosphorylation‐dependent recruiting motif for 2A‐B′56, which antagonizes inhibitory phosphorylation of rp1. Second, it dephosphorylates Cdc20 at an inhibitory site, thereby supporting its /C‐activating function. Thus, our comprehensive analysis reveals that CaN contributes to timely /C activation at fertilization by both negatively regulating the /C inhibitory activity of rp1 and positively regulating the /C‐activating function of Cdc20.
机译:脊椎动物卵母细胞在第二次减数分裂分裂中期停止受精。受精会触发一个短暂的钙波,从而诱导后期促进复合物/环体(/ C)及其共激活剂Cdc20的激活,从而导致细胞周期蛋白B的破坏,从而减数分裂。受精诱导的/ 激活:钙/钙调蛋白依赖性激酶类型(Ca)和钙调神经磷酸酶(CaN)。尽管已经明确了Ca在靶向/ C抑制剂rp1 / Emi2破坏中的作用,但仍然不清楚CaN如何影响/ 激活。在这里,我们发现CaN有助于/ 通过两个独立但相互关联的机制激活卵母细胞。首先,它通过在2A-B′56的依赖磷酸化的募集基序的一部分上使rp1磷酸化来促进rp1的降解,从而拮抗rp1的抑制性磷酸化。其次,它在抑制位点使Cdc20去磷酸化,从而支持其/ C激活功能。因此,我们的综合分析显示,CaN通过负调节rp1的/ C抑制活性和正调节Cdc20的/ C激活功能,从而促进受精时的/ C激活。

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