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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Molecular Sciences >Nitrate and Ammonium Affect the Overall Maize Response to Nitrogen Availability by Triggering Specific and Common Transcriptional Signatures in Roots
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Nitrate and Ammonium Affect the Overall Maize Response to Nitrogen Availability by Triggering Specific and Common Transcriptional Signatures in Roots

机译：硝酸盐和铵盐通过触发根中的特定和共同转录特征影响总体玉米对氮素利用的反应。

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Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for crops. Plants have developed several responses to N fluctuations, thus optimizing the root architecture in response to N availability. Nitrate and ammonium are the main inorganic N forms taken up by plants, and act as both nutrients and signals, affecting gene expression and plant development. In this study, RNA-sequencing was applied to gain comprehensive information on the pathways underlying the response of maize root, pre-treated in an N-deprived solution, to the provision of nitrate or ammonium. The analysis of the transcriptome shows that nitrate and ammonium regulate overlapping and distinct pathways, thus leading to different responses. Ammonium activates the response to stress, while nitrate acts as a negative regulator of transmembrane transport. Both the N-source repress genes related to the cytoskeleton and reactive oxygen species detoxification. Moreover, the presence of ammonium induces the accumulation of anthocyanins, while also reducing biomass and chlorophyll and flavonoids accumulation. Furthermore, the later physiological effects of these nutrients were evaluated through the assessment of shoot and root growth, leaf pigment content and the amino acid concentrations in root and shoot, confirming the existence of common and distinct features in response to the two nitrogen forms.
机译：氮（N）是作物必需的大量营养素。植物已经对N的波动产生了几种反应，从而根据N的可用性优化了根系结构。硝酸盐和铵盐是植物吸收的主要无机氮形式，既充当营养物又充当信号，影响基因表达和植物发育。在这项研究中，RNA测序技术被用于获得关于玉米根部的潜在信息的全面信息，该玉米根部在经过N剥夺的溶液中进行了预处理，从而提供了硝酸盐或铵盐。转录组的分析表明，硝酸盐和铵盐调节重叠和不同的途径，从而导致不同的反应。铵激活了对压力的响应，而硝酸盐充当了跨膜运输的负调节剂。氮源都抑制与细胞骨架和活性氧解毒有关的基因。此外，铵的存在诱导花青素的积累，同时也减少了生物量以及叶绿素和类黄酮的积累。此外，通过评估枝条和根的生长，叶片色素含量以及根和枝中的氨基酸浓度，评估了这些养分的后期生理效应，从而确认了对两种氮素形式的共同特征和独特特征的存在。

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