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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Molecular Sciences >Recent Developments in the Design of Non-Biofouling Coatings for Nanoparticles and Surfaces
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Recent Developments in the Design of Non-Biofouling Coatings for Nanoparticles and Surfaces

机译：纳米颗粒和表面非生物污垢涂料设计的最新进展

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Biofouling is a major issue in the field of nanomedicine and consists of the spontaneous and unwanted adsorption of biomolecules on engineered surfaces. In a biological context and referring to nanoparticles (NPs) acting as nanomedicines, the adsorption of biomolecules found in blood (mostly proteins) is known as protein corona. On the one hand, the protein corona, as it covers the NPs’ surface, can be considered the biological identity of engineered NPs, because the corona is what cells will “see” instead of the underlying NPs. As such, the protein corona will influence the fate, integrity, and performance of NPs in vivo. On the other hand, the physicochemical properties of the engineered NPs, such as their size, shape, charge, or hydrophobicity, will influence the identity of the proteins attracted to their surface. In this context, the design of coatings for NPs and surfaces that avoid biofouling is an active field of research. The gold standard in the field is the use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules, although zwitterions have also proved to be efficient in preventing protein adhesion and fluorinated molecules are emerging as coatings with interesting properties. Hence, in this review, we will focus on recent examples of anti-biofouling coatings in three main areas, that is, PEGylated, zwitterionic, and fluorinated coatings.
机译：生物污损是纳米医学领域的一个主要问题，它包括生物分子在工程表面上的自发和有害吸附。从生物学的角度讲，指的是充当纳米药物的纳米粒子（NPs），血液中发现的生物分子（主要是蛋白质）的吸附被称为蛋白质电晕。一方面，蛋白质电晕覆盖了NP的表面，因此可以认为是工程NP的生物学特性，因为电晕是细胞“看到”的东西，而不是潜在的NP。这样，蛋白电晕将影响体内NP的命运，完整性和性能。另一方面，工程化NP的物理化学性质（例如大小，形状，电荷或疏水性）将影响吸引到其表面的蛋白质的身份。在这种情况下，避免生物污损的NP和表面涂层的设计是一个活跃的研究领域。该领域的金标准是使用聚乙二醇（PEG）分子，尽管两性离子也已被证明可以有效地防止蛋白质粘附，并且氟化分子正以具有令人感兴趣的性能的涂层的形式出现。因此，在这篇综述中，我们将集中于三个主要领域的抗生物污损涂料的最新实例，即聚乙二醇化，两性离子和氟化涂料。

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