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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >How Does Environmental Regulation Affect the Location of New Polluting Firms? Exploring the Agglomeration Threshold of Effective Environmental Regulation
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How Does Environmental Regulation Affect the Location of New Polluting Firms? Exploring the Agglomeration Threshold of Effective Environmental Regulation

机译：环境法规如何影响新的污染企业的位置？探索有效环境监管的集聚门槛

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Some scholars have already proved the important role of agglomeration in studying how environmental regulation (ER) affects the location of polluting firms. However, further research is needed on both the mechanism and the empirical evidence. This paper reports the construction of a location database of new chemical plants in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB), where a fixed-effects panel threshold regression model was used to explore the agglomeration threshold of effective ER. We found a single agglomeration threshold for the whole YREB region that represented the turning point of ER from excluding to attracting new chemical enterprises. Additionally, there were two agglomeration thresholds in the lower reaches. If agglomeration reached the lower threshold, the effect of ER changed from repulsion to nonsignificant attraction. Once above the upper threshold, the attraction effect became large and significant. The results for this region were consistent with the Porter hypothesis. Furthermore, there was a single agglomeration threshold in the middle reaches. When agglomeration level exceeded the threshold, the repellant effect of ER was no longer significant. In the upper reaches, we found no valid threshold and ER always exhibited a small and nonsignificant exclusion effect. The pollution haven hypothesis was more explanatory in the middle and upper reaches. In the end, some suggestions are provided to support the government to formulate differentiated environmental policies.
机译：一些学者已经证明了集聚在研究环境法规（ER）如何影响污染企业的位置方面的重要作用。但是，还需要对机理和经验证据进行进一步研究。本文报告了中国长江经济带（YREB）新建化工厂的位置数据库的建设，其中使用了固定效应面板阈值回归模型来探讨有效ER的聚集阈值。我们发现整个YREB地区有一个集聚门槛，代表了ER从排斥到吸引新化工企业的转折点。此外，下游有两个集聚阈值。如果团聚达到下限阈值，则ER的作用从排斥变为无明显吸引力。一旦超过上限，吸引作用就变得巨大而显着。该区域的结果与波特假说相符。此外，中游只有一个集聚门槛。当附聚水平超过阈值时，ER的驱避作用不再显着。在上游，我们没有找到有效的阈值，并且ER始终表现出很小且不显着的排斥效应。污染天堂假说在中上游地区更具解释性。最后，提出了一些建议，以支持政府制定有区别的环境政策。

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