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Optical Frequency Combs in Quadratically Nonlinear Resonators

机译：二次非线性谐振器中的光学频率梳

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摘要

Optical frequency combs are one of the most remarkable inventions in recent decades. Originally conceived as the spectral counterpart of the train of short pulses emitted by mode-locked lasers, frequency combs have also been subsequently generated in continuously pumped microresonators, through third-order parametric processes. Quite recently, direct generation of optical frequency combs has been demonstrated in continuous-wave laser-pumped optical resonators with a second-order nonlinear medium inside. Here, we present a concise introduction to such quadratic combs and the physical mechanism that underlies their formation. We mainly review our recent experimental and theoretical work on formation and dynamics of quadratic frequency combs. We experimentally demonstrated comb generation in two configurations: a cavity for second harmonic generation, where combs are generated both around the pump frequency and its second harmonic and a degenerate optical parametric oscillator, where combs are generated around the pump frequency and its subharmonic. The experiments have been supported by a thorough theoretical analysis, aimed at modelling the dynamics of quadratic combs, both in frequency and time domains, providing useful insights into the physics of this new class of optical frequency comb synthesizers. Quadratic combs establish a new class of efficient frequency comb synthesizers, with unique features, which could enable straightforward access to new spectral regions and stimulate novel applications.
机译：光学频率梳是近几十年来最杰出的发明之一。最初被认为是锁模激光器发出的短脉冲序列的频谱对应物，随后还通过三阶参数过程在连续泵浦的微谐振器中产生了频率梳。最近，在内部具有二阶非线性介质的连续波激光泵浦光谐振器中已经证明了直接产生光频率梳。在这里，我们简要介绍了这种二次梳子以及构成其的物理机制。我们主要回顾我们最近关于二次频率梳的形成和动力学的实验和理论工作。我们通过实验证明了梳齿的产生有两种配置：用于产生二次谐波的腔体，其中在泵浦频率及其二次谐波附近均产生梳子；以及退化的光学参量振荡器，其中在泵浦频率及其次谐波附近产生梳状。实验得到了详尽的理论分析的支持，旨在对频域和时域中的二次梳的动力学建模，从而为此类新型光学频率梳合成器的物理特性提供有用的见识。二次梳状结构建立了具有独特功能的新型高效频率梳状合成器，可以直接访问新的频谱区域并激发新的应用。

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