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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Nutrients >Increasing the Price of Alcohol as an Obesity Prevention Measure: The Potential Cost-Effectiveness of Introducing a Uniform Volumetric Tax and a Minimum Floor Price on Alcohol in Australia
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Increasing the Price of Alcohol as an Obesity Prevention Measure: The Potential Cost-Effectiveness of Introducing a Uniform Volumetric Tax and a Minimum Floor Price on Alcohol in Australia

机译：作为预防肥胖的措施提高酒精的价格：在澳大利亚实施统一的体积税和最低酒精最低价格的潜在成本效果

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The objective of this study was to estimate, from an obesity prevention perspective, the cost-effectiveness of two potential policies that increase the price of alcohol in Australia: a volumetric tax applied to all alcohol (Intervention 1) and a minimum unit floor price (Intervention 2). Estimated changes in alcoholic drink consumption and corresponding changes in energy intake were calculated using the 2011–12 Australian Health Survey data, published price elasticities, and nutrition information. The incremental changes in body mass index (BMI), BMI-related disease outcomes, healthcare costs, and Health Adjusted Life Years (HALYs) were estimated using a validated model. Costs associated with each intervention were estimated for government and industry. Both interventions were estimated to lead to reductions in mean alcohol consumption (Intervention 1: 20.7% (95% Uncertainty Interval (UI): 20.2% to 21.1%); Intervention 2: 9.2% (95% UI: 8.9% to 9.6%)); reductions in mean population body weight (Intervention 1: 0.9 kg (95% UI: 0.84 to 0.96); Intervention 2: 0.45 kg (95% UI: 0.42 to 0.48)); HALYs gained (Intervention 1: 566,648 (95% UI: 497,431 to 647,262); Intervention 2: 317,653 (95% UI: 276,334 to 361,573)); and healthcare cost savings (Intervention 1: $5.8 billion (B) (95% UI: $5.1B to $6.6B); Intervention 2: $3.3B (95% UI: $2.9B to $3.7B)). Intervention costs were estimated as $24M for Intervention 1 and $30M for Intervention 2. Both interventions were dominant, resulting in health gains and cost savings. Increasing the price of alcohol is likely to be cost-effective from an obesity prevention perspective in the Australian context, provided consumers substitute alcoholic beverages with low or no kilojoule alternatives.
机译：这项研究的目的是从预防肥胖的角度评估两种可能提高澳大利亚酒精价格的潜在政策的成本效益：对所有酒精均征收体积税（干预1）和最低最低限价（干预2）。使用2011-12年度澳大利亚健康调查数据，公布的价格弹性和营养信息，可以计算出酒精饮料消费的估计变化以及相应的能量摄入变化。使用已验证的模型估算了体重指数（BMI），与BMI相关的疾病结局，医疗保健费用和健康调整生命年（HALYs）的增量变化。与每次干预相关的成本是针对政府和行业估算的。估计这两种干预措施均会减少平均酒精摄入量（干预1：20.7％（95％不确定区间（UI）：20.2％至21.1％）；干预2：9.2％（95％UI：8.9％至9.6％） ）;减少平均人口体重（干预1：0.9千克（95％UI：0.84至0.96）;干预2：0.45千克（95％UI：0.42至0.48））;获得HALYs（干预1：566,648（95％UI：497,431至647,262）;干预2：317,653（95％UI：276,334至361,573））;以及医疗保健成本节省（干预措施1：$ 58亿（B）（95％UI：$ 5.1B至$ 6.6B）;干预措施2：$ 3.3B（95％UI：$ 2.9B至$ 3.7B））。干预1的干预成本估计为2400万美元，干预2的干预成本估计为3000万美元。这两种干预都是主要干预措施，从而带来了健康收益和成本节省。在澳大利亚，从预防肥胖的角度出发，提高酒精价格可能具有成本效益，前提是消费者用很少或没有千焦耳替代品的酒精饮料替代品。

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