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Rotating Focused Field Eddy-Current Sensing for Arbitrary Orientation Defects Detection in Carbon Steel

机译：旋转聚焦场涡流传感在碳钢中任意取向缺陷的检测

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摘要

This paper presents a rotating focused field eddy-current (EC) sensing technique, which leverages the advantages of magnetic field focusing and rotating magnetic field, for arbitrary orientation defects detection. The sensor consists of four identical excitation coils orthogonally arranged in an upside-down pyramid configuration and a giant magneto-resistive (GMR) detection element. The four coils are connected to form two figure-8-shaped focusing sub-probes, which are fed by two identical harmonic currents with 90 degrees phase difference. A finite element model-based study of arbitrary orientation defects detection was performed to understand the probe operational characteristics and optimize its design parameters. Probe prototyping and experimental validation were also carried out on a carbon steel plate specimen with four prefabricated surface-breaking defects. In-situ spot inspection with the probe rotating above the defect and a manual line-scan inspection were both conducted. Results showed that the probe has the capability of detecting defects with any orientations while maintaining the same sensitivity and the defect depth can be quantitatively evaluated by using the signal amplitude. Compared with the existing rotating field probes, the presented probe does not require additional excitation adjustment or data fusion. Meanwhile, due to its focusing effect, it can generate a strong rotating magnetic field at the defect location with a weak background noise, thus yielding superior signal-to-noise ratio.
机译：本文提出了一种旋转聚焦场涡流（EC）传感技术，该技术利用磁场聚焦和旋转磁场的优势来检测任意方向的缺陷。该传感器由四个完全相同的励磁线圈组成，它们正交排列成上下颠倒的金字塔形状，并带有一个巨磁阻（GMR）检测元件。四个线圈连接形成两个8字形聚焦子探头，由两个具有90度相位差的相同谐波电流馈电。进行了基于有限元模型的任意方向缺陷检测研究，以了解探针的工作特性并优化其设计参数。探针原型和实验验证也对具有四个预制的表面断裂缺陷的碳钢板样品进行。均进行了探头在缺陷上方旋转的现场点检和手动线扫描检查。结果表明，该探头能够在保持相同灵敏度的情况下检测任何方向的缺陷，并且可以使用信号幅度定量评估缺陷深度。与现有的旋转磁场探头相比，本探头不需要额外的激励调整或数据融合。同时，由于其聚焦效果，它可以在缺陷位置产生强的旋转磁场，而背景噪声却很弱，因此产生了优越的信噪比。

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