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Radiometric Assessment of a UAV-Based Push-Broom Hyperspectral Camera

机译：基于无人机的推扫式高光谱摄像机的辐射评估

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The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for Earth and environmental sensing has increased significantly in recent years. This is particularly true for multi- and hyperspectral sensing, with a variety of both push-broom and snap-shot systems becoming available. However, information on their radiometric performance and stability over time is often lacking. The authors propose the use of a general protocol for sensor evaluation to characterize the data retrieval and radiometric performance of push-broom hyperspectral cameras, and illustrate the workflow with the Nano-Hyperspec (Headwall Photonics, Boston USA) sensor. The objectives of this analysis were to: (1) assess dark current and white reference consistency, both temporally and spatially; (2) evaluate spectral fidelity; and (3) determine the relationship between sensor-recorded radiance and spectroradiometer-derived reflectance. Both the laboratory-based dark current and white reference evaluations showed an insignificant increase over time (<2%) across spatial pixels and spectral bands for >99.5% of pixel–waveband combinations. Using a mercury/argon (Hg/Ar) lamp, the hyperspectral wavelength bands exhibited a slight shift of 1-3 nm against 29 Hg/Ar wavelength emission lines. The relationship between the Nano-Hyperspec radiance values and spectroradiometer-derived reflectance was found to be highly linear for all spectral bands. The developed protocol for assessing UAV-based radiometric performance of hyperspectral push-broom sensors showed that the Nano-Hyperspec data were both time-stable and spectrally sound.
机译：近年来，用于地球和环境传感的无人机的使用已大大增加。对于多光谱和高光谱感测来说尤其如此，随着各种推扫系统和快照系统的出现。但是，通常缺乏有关其辐射测量性能和随时间推移的稳定性的信息。作者建议使用通用协议进行传感器评估，以表征推扫式高光谱相机的数据检索和辐射测量性能，并说明Nano-Hyperspec（Headwall Photonics，美国波士顿）传感器的工作流程。该分析的目的是：（1）在时间和空间上评估暗电流和白色基准的一致性； （2）评估频谱保真度； （3）确定传感器记录的辐射率与分光辐射计得出的反射率之间的关系。基于实验室的暗电流和白色参考评估都显示，对于> 99.5％的像素-波段组合，空间像素和光谱带随时间的增长很小（<2％）。使用汞/氩（Hg / Ar）灯，高光谱波段相对于29 Hg / Ar波长发射线显示出1-3 nm的轻微偏移。发现在所有光谱带中，纳米超光谱辐射率值与光谱辐射计得出的反射率之间的关系都是高度线性的。用于评估基于UAV的高光谱推扫式传感器辐射性能的已开发协议表明，Nano-Hyperspec数据既具有时间稳定性，又具有频谱声。

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