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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Nutrients >Effects of Prebiotic and Probiotic Supplementation on Lactase Deficiency and Lactose Intolerance: A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials
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Effects of Prebiotic and Probiotic Supplementation on Lactase Deficiency and Lactose Intolerance: A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials

机译：补充益生菌和益生菌对乳糖酶缺乏症和乳糖不耐症的影响：对照试验的系统评价

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Lactose intolerance (LI) is characterized by the presence of primarily gastrointestinal clinical signs resulting from colonic fermentation of lactose, the absorption of which is impaired due to a deficiency in the lactase enzyme. These clinical signs can be modified by several factors, including lactose dose, residual lactase expression, concurrent ingestion of other dietary components, gut-transit time, and enteric microbiome composition. In many of individuals with lactose malabsorption, clinical signs may be absent after consumption of normal amounts of milk or, in particular, dairy products (yogurt and cheese), which contain lactose partially digested by live bacteria. The intestinal microbiota can be modulated by biotic supplementation, which may alleviate the signs and symptoms of LI. This systematic review summarizes the available evidence on the influence of prebiotics and probiotics on lactase deficiency and LI. The literature search was conducted using the MEDLINE (via PUBMED) and SCOPUS databases following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and included randomized controlled trials. For each study selected, the risk of bias was assessed following the Cochrane Collaboration methodology. Our findings showed varying degrees of efficacy but an overall positive relationship between probiotics and LI in relation to specific strains and concentrations. Limitations regarding the wide heterogeneity between the studies included in this review should be taken into account. Only one study examined the benefits of prebiotic supplementation and LI. So further clinical trials are needed in order to gather more evidence.
机译：乳糖不耐症（LI）的特征是乳糖结肠发酵引起的主要胃肠道临床症状的存在，由于乳糖酶的缺乏​​，乳糖的吸收受到损害。这些临床症状可以通过多种因素进行修改，包括乳糖剂量，残留乳糖酶表达，同时摄入其他饮食成分，肠道运输时间和肠道微生物组组成。在许多乳糖吸收不良的个体中，食用正常量的牛奶或特别是含有被活细菌部分消化的乳糖的乳制品（酸奶和奶酪）后，可能会缺乏临床体征。肠道菌群可以通过生物补充来调节，这可以减轻LI的体征和症状。该系统综述总结了有关益生元和益生菌对乳糖酶缺乏症和LI的影响的现有证据。文献检索是根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）的指南，使用MEDLINE（通过PUBMED）和SCOPUS数据库进行的，其中包括随机对照试验。对于每项选择的研究，均按照Cochrane协作方法评估偏倚的风险。我们的发现显示了不同程度的功效，但益生菌和LI之间的总正相关性与特定菌株和浓度有关。应考虑到本评价中研究之间广泛异质性的局限性。只有一项研究检查了益生元补充和LI的益处。因此，需要进一步的临床试验以收集更多证据。

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