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Thermoplastic Disks Used for Commercial Orthodontic Aligners: Complete Physicochemical and Mechanical Characterization

机译：用于商业正畸对准器的热塑性塑料盘：完整的物理化学和机械特性

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摘要

Invisible orthodontic aligners (IOAs) have been introduced in the orthodontic field as an innovative alternative for fixed brackets, in relation to their ability to be easily inserted/removed from the oral cavity without affecting the chewing ability and the aesthetic of the patients. The paper provides a complete physicochemical and mechanical characterization of thermoplastic materials in the form of disks used for commercial IOAs. A wide palette of specific techniques is considered, from tensile tests and dynamic-mechanical analysis, to X-Ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) analyses and water absorption tests. The disks are investigated before and after immersion into staining beverages (red wine, coffee, nicotine and artificial saliva), in terms of colour variations, transparency, and microscopic surface modifications by means of colorimetry, UV-VIS absorbance and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Among all the samples, polyurethane (PU) exhibited the highest crystallinity and the highest values of mechanical and thermal resistance, while the poly(ethylene terephthalate)-glycol (PETG) samples presented better transparency and less ability to absorb water. Moreover, red wine and coffee give noticeable colour variations after 14 days of immersion, together with a slight reduction of transparency.
机译：正畸隐形矫正器（IOA）已被引入正畸领域，作为固定支架的创新选择，因为它们易于插入口腔或从口腔中拔出而不会影响患者的咀嚼能力和美观。本文以用于商业IOA的圆盘形式提供了热塑性材料的完整物理化学和机械特性。从拉伸测试和动态力学分析到X射线衍射（XRD），差示扫描量热法（DSC），傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR-ATR）分析和吸水率测试，广泛的特定技术被考虑。在浸入染色饮料（红酒，咖啡，尼古丁和人造唾液）之前和之后，通过比色法，UV-VIS吸光度和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对圆盘进行颜色变化，透明度和微观表面修饰方面的研究）。在所有样品中，聚氨酯（PU）表现出最高的结晶度以及最高的机械和热阻值，而聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PETG）样品表现出更好的透明度和更少的吸水能力。此外，红酒和咖啡在浸泡14天后会产生明显的颜色变化，并且透明度略有下降。

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