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A Multi-Module Fixed Inclinometer for Continuous Monitoring of Landslides: Design Development and Laboratory Testing

机译：用于连续监测滑坡的多模块固定式测斜仪：设计开发和实验室测试

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摘要

Continuous monitoring of landslides is of basic importance for understanding their behavior, defining their 3D geometry, and providing a basis for early warning purposes. While a number of instrumentations can be used for tracking surface displacement, only automatic or fixed multi-module inclinometers can be used for continuous monitoring of displacement at depth, providing valuable information for landslide geometry reconstruction. Since these instruments are very expensive, thus rarely used, a low-cost and multi-module fixed inclinometer for continuous landslide monitoring has been developed. In this paper, the electronics of the system, including sensor characteristics and optimization, controlling software, and structure are presented. For system development, a single module prototype was first developed and tested in the field to ensure sufficient measuring performance. Subsequently, the multi-module system was designed, assembled, and tested in controlled conditions. Test results indicate the good performance of the system with a displacement measuring accuracy of 0.37% of the length of the inclinometer chain. The linearity test indicates the high linearity of the measures, especially in the range ±20°, which is the typical operating range of such kinds of instrumentations. The thermal efficiency test indicates the high efficiency of the system in preventing measuring errors caused by thermal drifting.
机译：连续监测滑坡对于理解其行为，定义其3D几何形状以及为预警目的提供基础至关重要。尽管可以使用多种仪器来跟踪地表位移，但是只有自动或固定的多模块倾角仪可以用于连续监测深度位移，从而为滑坡几何构造的重建提供了有价值的信息。由于这些仪器非常昂贵，因此很少使用，因此，开发了一种低成本，多模块的固定倾角仪，用于连续滑坡监测。本文介绍了系统的电子器件，包括传感器特性和优化，控制软件和结构。对于系统开发，首先开发了单个模块原型并在现场进行了测试，以确保足够的测量性能。随后，在受控条件下设计，组装和测试了多模块系统。测试结果表明该系统具有良好的性能，位移测量精度为测斜仪链条长度的0.37％。线性测试表明这些措施具有很高的线性度，尤其是在±20°的范围内，这是此类仪器的典型工作范围。热效率测试表明系统在防止由热漂移引起的测量误差方面具有很高的效率。

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