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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Simulation-Optimization for Conjunctive Water Resources Management and Optimal Crop Planning in Kushabhadra-Bhargavi River Delta of Eastern India
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Simulation-Optimization for Conjunctive Water Resources Management and Optimal Crop Planning in Kushabhadra-Bhargavi River Delta of Eastern India

机译：印度东部Kushabhadra-Bhargavi河三角洲联合水资源管理的模拟优化和最佳作物规划

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Water resources sustainability is a worldwide concern because of climate variability, growing population, and excessive groundwater exploitation in order to meet freshwater demand. Addressing these conflicting challenges sometimes can be aided by using both simulation and mathematical optimization tools. This study combines a groundwater-flow simulation model and two optimization models to develop optimal reconnaissance-level water management strategies. For a given set of hydrologic and management constraints, both of the optimization models are applied to part of the Mahanadi River basin groundwater system, which is an important source of water supply in Odisha State, India. The first optimization model employs a calibrated groundwater simulation model (MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model) within the Simulation-Optimization MOdeling System (SOMOS) module number 1 (SOMO1) to estimate maximum permissible groundwater extraction, subject to suitable constraints that protect the aquifer from seawater intrusion. The second optimization model uses linear programming optimization to: (a) optimize conjunctive allocation of surface water and groundwater and (b) to determine a cropping pattern that maximizes net annual returns from crop yields, without causing seawater intrusion. Together, the optimization models consider the weather seasons, and the suitability and variability of existing cultivable land, crops, and the hydrogeologic system better than the models that do not employ the distributed maximum groundwater pumping rates that will not induce seawater intrusion. The optimization outcomes suggest that minimizing agricultural rice cultivation (especially during the non-monsoon season) and increasing crop diversification would improve farmers’ livelihoods and aid sustainable use of water resources.
机译：由于气候变化，人口增长以及为满足淡水需求而过度开采地下水，水资源的可持续性已成为全球关注的问题。有时可以通过使用仿真和数学优化工具来帮助解决这些冲突的挑战。这项研究结合了地下水流模拟模型和两个优化模型，以开发最佳侦察级水管理策略。对于给定的一组水文和管理约束条件，两个优化模型都被应用到了Mahanadi流域地下水系统的一部分，该系统是印度奥里萨邦的重要水源。第一个优化模型在模拟优化模型系统（SOMOS）1号模块（SOMO1）中采用了经过校准的地下水模拟模型（MODFLOW-2005，美国地质调查局模块化地下水模型）来估算最大允许地下水开采量，具体取决于保护含水层免受海水入侵的适当限制条件。第二个优化模型使用线性规划优化来：（a）优化地表水和地下水的联合分配，以及（b）确定一种在不引起海水入侵的情况下使作物单产的年净收益最大化的耕作模式。综合起来，优化模型综合考虑了天气季节以及现有耕地，农作物和水文地质系统的适用性和可变性，这要比不采用不会引起海水入侵的分布式最大地下水抽取率的模型更好。优化结果表明，减少农业水稻种植（特别是在非季风季节）和增加作物多样化将改善农民的生计并有助于水资源的可持续利用。

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