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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Scientific Reports >Appetitive and aversive social learning with living and dead conspecifics in crickets
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Appetitive and aversive social learning with living and dead conspecifics in crickets

机译：living和厌恶性社交学习living中有活生生的死者

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Experimental procedures. ( ) Training arena. The training arena consists of a demonstrator room and a learner room, separated by a plastic net. Two drinking apparatuses containing water or 20% NaCl solution were placed in the demonstrator room. Filter papers soaked with apple essence and banana essence were placed under the apparatuses. A thirsty cricket (demonstrator) was placed in the demonstrator room and was allowed to freely visit the drinking apparatuses. Another thirsty cricket (learner) was placed in the learner room and allowed to observe the demonstrator room. ( ) There were many small holes at the periphery of the drinking apparatus from which apple or banana odour diffused. ( ) Training apparatus in which the use of olfactory cues for recognizing a demonstrator is prevented. Underneath the floor of the learner room in front of the drinking apparatus, a filter paper soaked with apple or banana essence (dissolved in aqueous ethanol) was placed so that the odour and water vapour can be emitted from small holes in the floor. ( ) Test arena. There are two holes in the floor of the test arena that connect the floor with containers containing filter papers soaked with apple essence and banana essence dissolved in aqueous ethanol. The time to explore these odour sources was measured cumulatively. ( ) In each experiment, crickets were divided into groups A, B and N according to the stimulus arrangements. In group A, the water-containing apparatus emitted apple odour and the saltwater-containing apparatus emitted banana odour, and the stimulus arrangement was reversed for group B. In group N, both of the apparatuses contained saltwater and each emitted either banana or apple odour.
机译：实验步骤。 （）训练场所。培训场所由一个演示室和一个学习室组成，由塑料网隔开。将两个装有水或20％NaCl溶液的饮水器放在演示室。将浸有苹果香精和香蕉香精的滤纸放置在仪器下方。一个口渴的（示威者）被放在示威者的房间里，并被允许自由地参观饮水器。另一个口渴的板球（学习者）被放置在学习室，并被允许观察演示室。 （）饮用器具的外围有许多小孔，苹果或香蕉的气味从这些孔中扩散出来。 （）防止使用嗅觉提示识别示威者的训练器具。在饮水机前的学习室地板下方，放置了浸有苹果或香蕉精华（溶于乙醇水溶液）的滤纸，以便可以从地板上的小孔中散发出气味和水蒸气。 （）测试场。测试区域的地板上有两个孔，这些孔将地板与装有滤纸的容器连接起来，滤纸浸有溶于乙醇水溶液的苹果香精和香蕉香精。探索这些气味源的时间是累积测量的。 （）在每个实验中，根据刺激安排，将s分为A，B和N组。在A组中，含水设备散发出苹果味，而盐水设备散发出香蕉味，B组的刺激安排相反。在N组中，两个设备均包含盐水，并且每个设备散发出香蕉味或苹果味。 。

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