首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>The Journal of Clinical Investigation >Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency caused by the alpha 1-antitrypsin Nullmattawa gene. An insertion mutation rendering the alpha 1-antitrypsin gene incapable of producing alpha 1-antitrypsin.
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Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency caused by the alpha 1-antitrypsin Nullmattawa gene. An insertion mutation rendering the alpha 1-antitrypsin gene incapable of producing alpha 1-antitrypsin.

机译:由α1-抗胰蛋白酶Nullmattawa基因引起的α1-抗胰蛋白酶缺乏。插入突变使α1-抗胰蛋白酶基因无法产生α1-抗胰蛋白酶。

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摘要

alpha 1-Antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) deficiency is a hereditary disorder associated with reduced serum alpha 1AT levels and the development of pulmonary emphysema. An alpha 1AT gene is defined as "Null" when no alpha 1AT in serum is attributed to that alpha 1AT gene. Although all alpha 1AT Null genes have identical phenotypic consequences (i.e. no detectable alpha 1AT in the serum), different genotypic mechanisms can cause the Null state. This study defines the molecular basis for the alpha 1AT gene Nullmattawa, identified and cloned from genomic DNA of an individual with the Null-Null phenotype and emphysema resulting from the heterozygous inheritance of the Nullmattawa and Nullbellingham genes. Sequencing of exons Ic-V and all exon-intron junctions of the Nullmattawa gene demonstrated it was identical to the common normal M1(Val213) alpha 1AT gene except for the insertion of a single nucleotide within the coding region of exon V, causing a 3' frameshift with generation of a premature stop signal. Family analysis using oligonucleotide probes specific for the Nullmattawa sequence demonstrated the gene was inherited in an autosomal fashion. Examination of blood monocytes demonstrated that a normal-sized, 1.8-kb alpha 1AT mRNA transcript is associated with the Nullmattawa gene and in vitro translation of mRNA with the Nullmattawa mutation showed it translated at a normal rate but produced a truncated alpha 1AT protein. Additionally, retroviral transfer of the alpha 1AT Nullmattawa cDNA to murine fibroblasts demonstrated no detectable intracellular or secreted alpha 1AT, despite the presence of alpha 1AT Nullmattawa mRNA transcripts. These findings are consistent with the concept that the molecular pathophysiology of Nullmattawa is likely manifested at a posttranslational level. The identification of the Nullmattawa gene supports the concept that Null alpha 1AT alleles represent a heterogenous group in which very different mechanisms cause the identical phenotypic state.
机译:α1-抗胰蛋白酶(α1AT)缺乏症是一种遗传性疾病,与血清α1AT水平降低和肺气肿的发展有关。当血清中没有α1AT归因于该α1AT基因时,α1AT基因定义为“空”。尽管所有的alpha 1AT Null基因都有相同的表型后果(即血清中没有可检测到的alpha 1AT),但是不同的基因型机制可以导致Null状态。这项研究确定了α1AT基因Nullmattawa的分子基础,该基因是从具有Null-Null表型和肺气肿的个体的基因组DNA中鉴定和克隆的,其中Nullmattawa和Nullbellingham基因是杂合遗传。对外显子Ic-V和Nullmattawa基因的所有外显子-内含子接头进行测序表明,它与常见的正常M1(Val213)alpha 1AT基因相同,除了在外显子V的编码区内插入单个核苷酸外,导致3产生过早的停止信号而发生移码。使用对Nullmattawa序列具有特异性的寡核苷酸探针进行的家族分析表明,该基因以常染色体方式遗传。血液单核细胞的检查表明,正常大小的1.8 kb alpha 1AT mRNA转录物与Nullmattawa基因有关,具有Nullmattawa突变的mRNA的体外翻译显示其以正常速率翻译,但产生了截短的alpha 1AT蛋白。此外,尽管存在α1ATNullmattawa mRNA转录本,但α1ATNullmattawa cDNA向鼠成纤维细胞的逆转录病毒转移没有显示可检测的细胞内或分泌的α1AT。这些发现与Nullmattawa的分子病理生理学可能在翻译后水平上得到证实的概念相符。 Nullmattawa基因的鉴定支持以下概念:Null alpha 1AT等位基因代表异源基团,其中非常不同的机制导致相同的表型状态。

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