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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Sensors (Basel Switzerland) >Micro-Crack Mechanism in the Fracture Evolution of Saturated Granite and Enlightenment to the Precursors of Instability
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Micro-Crack Mechanism in the Fracture Evolution of Saturated Granite and Enlightenment to the Precursors of Instability

机译：饱和花岗岩骨折演化中的微裂纹机制及其对不稳定性前体的启示

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摘要

To explore the potential precursors of rock instability, it is necessary to clarify the mechanism of micro-crack from fracturing to failure, which involves the evolution of fracture size, orientation, source model, and their relationships to the loading. The waveforms of acoustic emission (AE) recorded by the sensor network attached rock sample during laboratory tests provide a data basis for solving these problems, since these observations are directly related to the characteristics of the fracturing sources. Firstly, we investigated the source mechanism, looking at the rise angle and the average frequency (RA-AF) trends during five loading stages in a uniaxial compression test. Results show that the proportion of shear events significantly increases when approaching instability. Secondly, we calculated the moment tensor for each event, considering the uncertainties of P-wave polarity, azimuth, and the takeoff angles of the rays. Moment tensor solutions suggest that there are obviously more crack events than shear events in all loading stages. Moment tensor evolutions confirmed that the decreasing of isotropic component and the increment of double-couple can be used as precursors of rock fracturing development. Considering the limitations of these two methods, it is suggested that we should be concerned more about the proportions of individual failure components and their evolutions over time, instead of absolutely classifying the events into a certain source type.
机译：为了探索岩石不稳定性的潜在前体，有必要阐明微裂纹从压裂到破裂的机制，这涉及骨折尺寸，取向，源模型的演变及其与装载的关系。由传感器网络连接的岩石样品记录的声学发射（AE）的波形为解决这些问题提供了一种数据依据，因为这些观察结果与压裂源的特征直接相关。首先，我们调查了在一个单轴压缩测试中的五个装载阶段期间看着源机制，观察升降角度和平均频率（RA-AF）趋势。结果表明，在接近不稳定时，剪切事件的比例显着增加。其次，考虑到P波极性，方位角和光线的起飞角的不确定性，我们计算了每个事件的矩张量。瞬间张量解决方案表明，在所有装载阶段中的剪切事件显然有更多的破解事件。动矩张量进化证实，各向同性组分的降低和双夫妇的增量可以用作岩石压裂发育的前体。考虑到这两种方法的局限性，建议我们应该更关心个体故障组件的比例及其随着时间的推移，而不是绝对将事件分类为某种源类型。

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