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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Planning for Supportive Green Spaces in the Winter City of China: Linking Exercise of Elderly Residents and Exercise Prescription for Cardiovascular Health
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Planning for Supportive Green Spaces in the Winter City of China: Linking Exercise of Elderly Residents and Exercise Prescription for Cardiovascular Health

机译：冬季城市支持性绿地的规划：与老年居民的行使和心血管健康的锻炼处方

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The elderly population have a high incidence of cardiovascular disease and are the main users of green spaces, such as city parks. Creating supportive green spaces for exercise for the elderly is of great significance to promote their cardiovascular health. The winter cities have a severely cold climate and high incidence of cardiovascular disease, while the elderly, especially those with cardiovascular disease, face more challenges when participating in exercise in the green spaces. In the context of the winter cities, the kinds of exercise the elderly participate in are more conducive to their cardiovascular health, and determining the factors of the green spaces that are supportive for exercise for cardiovascular health in the winter are of particular interest. Taking Harbin, a typical winter city in China, as an example, this study aims to identify the exercise characteristics of elderly residents in the green spaces in winter, to link them with the principles and contents of exercise prescription for cardiovascular health, to identify the deficient factors of the green spaces in supporting exercise for cardiovascular health, and to put forward optimization design implications. Mixed qualitative methods including interviews, a questionnaire, and field observation were used to identify special behavioral characteristics and spatial factors involving winter exercise in the green spaces among the elderly. The results showed that: (1) about 42.4% of the participants had a gap with the principles of exercise prescription for cardiovascular health. Their exercise items were generally consistent with the principle of low-intensity exercise, but some of them had the problems regarding early exercise time and insufficient exercise duration and frequency. (2) Insufficient supportive factors of the green spaces mainly included facilities allocation, comfort, safety, accessibility, and air quality. Facilities allocation involved walking paths, rehabilitation facilities, auxiliary facilities, and guidance facilities; comfort involved sunlight conditions of the exercise areas; safety involved slippery roads and sites with ice and snow and medical accidents; accessibility involved the proximity, the safety of connecting roads, and the movement of the elderly; air quality involved the planting of evergreen trees. Accordingly, the design implications were given in order to bridge the supportive gap of the green spaces for exercise for cardiovascular health in the elderly population.
机译：老年人口具有高发病率的心血管疾病，是绿地的主要用户，如城市公园。为老年人创造支持性的绿地对于促进其心血管健康具有重要意义。冬季城市具有严重寒冷的气候和心血管疾病发病率，而老年人，特别是患有心血管疾病的人，在参加绿色空间运动时面临更多挑战。在冬季城市的背景下，老年人参与的运动更有利于他们的心血管健康，并确定冬季心血管健康锻炼支持的绿色空间的因素是特别的兴趣。征服中国典型的冬季城市哈尔滨，这项研究旨在揭示冬季绿色空间中老年居民的运动特性，以将它们与心血管健康的运动处方的原理和内容联系起来，识别绿色空间的缺乏因素在支持心血管健康运动方面，并提出优化设计意义。混合定性方法包括访谈，调查问卷和现场观察，用于确定老年人中绿色空间中冬季运动的特殊行为特征和空间因素。结果表明：（1）约42.4％的参与者与心血管健康的运动处方原则具有差距。他们的运动项目通常与低强度运动的原则一致，但其中一些有关于早期运动时间和运动持续时间和频率不足的问题。 （2）绿地的支持因素不足主要包括设施分配，舒适，安全，可访问性和空气质量。设施分配涉及步行路径，康复设施，辅助设施和指导设施;舒适涉及运动区的阳光条件;安全涉及冰雪和冰雪和医疗事故的湿滑道路和景点;可访问性涉及连接道路的邻近，安全性，以及老年人的运动;空气质量涉及种植常绿树木。因此，给出了设计意义，以便在老年人群体中弥合绿色空间的支持性间隙以进行心血管健康的锻炼。

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