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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Providing Sports Venues on Mainland China: Implications for Promoting Leisure-Time Physical Activity and National Fitness Policies
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Providing Sports Venues on Mainland China: Implications for Promoting Leisure-Time Physical Activity and National Fitness Policies

机译：在中国大陆提供体育场所：为促进休闲时间体育活动和国家健身政策而言的启示

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Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) has been well documented as having substantial health benefits. The 2014 Chinese Fitness Survey Report stated that a lack of physical activity (PA) spaces is the most important non-human factor, leading to 10% of leisure-time physical inactivity in people aged 20 and above. We investigated the provision of sports venues in China and discussed the development of sports venues and national fitness policies in the context of promoting LTPA and public health. We analyzed information from China’s most recent sport venue census, the Sixth National Sports Venues Census, conducted in 2013. The number of sports venues increased between 2000 and 2013, with an inflection point around the year 2008. At the end of 2013, there were 12.45 venues for every 10,000 residents, and the per capita area was 1.46 m . However, numbers were still small compared with the United States and Japan. The percentages of full-time access, part-time access and membership venues were 51.5%, 14.3% and 34.2% respectively. Only half of sports venues were fully open to the public, meaning that the realized number and area per capita could be even lower. A lack of sports venues forces people who want to engage in PA to occupy other urban spaces that are not planned and designed for PA. Urban parks had 119,750 fitness station facilities (3.32% of the total), and 2366 urban fitness trails (19.24%), with a combined length of 6450 km (32.91%). On average, urban and rural areas had 13.17 and 10.80 venues per 10,000 persons, and 1.83 m and 0.97 m per capita. The urban-rural gap in sports venues exactly embodies some aspects of the “urban-rural dual structure” in China’s society. Measures to promote PA should focus on new and existing sports venues. In the policy making process, Chinese governments need to pay attention to the potential impact of related, external factors such as the gap between the urban and the rural and the potential advantage of indoor venues against summer heat and air pollution.
机译：休闲时间体育活动（LTPA）已被充分记录为具有实质性的健康益处。 2014年中国健身调查报告表示，缺乏体育活动（PA）空间是最重要的非人类因素，导致20岁及以上人的人们休闲物理不活动的10％。我们调查了在中国的体育场馆提供，并探讨了促进LTPA和公共卫生的背景下的体育场馆和国家健身政策。我们分析了中国2013年第六届全国体育场馆人口普查中最近的体育场地人口普查的信息。2000年至2013年之间的体育场馆数量增加，2008年左右。在2013年底，有每10,000名居民12.45个场地，人均面积为1.46米。然而，与美国和日本相比，数字仍然较小。全日制访问，兼职访问和会员场馆的百分比分别为51.5％，14.3％和34.2％。只有一半的体育场馆对公众完全开放，这意味着人均实现的数字和面积可能会降低。缺乏体育场馆迫使想要参与PA的人占据其他没有计划和设计的城市空间。城市公园拥有119,750个健身驻地设施（占总数的3.32％），2366条城市健身小径（19.24％），综合长度为6450公里（32.91％）。平均而言，城乡地区每10,000人拥有13.17和10.80个场地，人均1.83米和0.97米。体育场馆的城乡差距恰好体现了中国社会“城乡双重结构”的一些方面。促进PA的措施应专注于新的现有运动场所。在政策制定过程中，中国政府需要注意相关，外部因素的潜在影响，如城乡之间的差距以及室内场地与夏季热量和空气污染的潜在优势。

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