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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Ecology and Evolution >Seeing the wood despite the trees: Exploring human disturbance impact on plant diversity community structure and standing biomass in fragmented high Andean forests
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Seeing the wood despite the trees: Exploring human disturbance impact on plant diversity community structure and standing biomass in fragmented high Andean forests

机译：尽管树木但探索了对植物多样性社区结构和常见的森林分段的植物多样性社区结构和站立生物量的人类扰动影响

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摘要

High Andean forests harbor a remarkably high biodiversity and play a key role in providing vital ecosystem services for neighboring cities and settlements. However, they are among the most fragmented and threatened ecosystems in the neotropics. To preserve their unique biodiversity, a deeper understanding of the effects of anthropogenic perturbations on them is urgently needed. Here, we characterized the plant communities of high Andean forest remnants in the hinterland of Bogotá in 32 0.04 ha plots. We assessed the woody vegetation and sampled the understory and epiphytic cover. We gathered data on compositional and structural parameters and compiled a broad array of variables related to anthropogenic disturbance, ranging from local to landscape‐wide metrics. We also assessed phylogenetic diversity and functional diversity. We employed nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) to select meaningful variables in a first step of the analysis. Then, we performed partial redundancy analysis (pRDA) and generalized linear models (GLMs) in order to test how selected environmental and anthropogenic variables are affecting the composition, diversity, and aboveground biomass of these forests. Identified woody vegetation and understory layer communities were characterized by differences in elevation, temperature, and relative humidity, but were also related to different levels of human influence. We found that the increase of human‐related disturbance resulted in less phylogenetic diversity and in the phylogenetic clustering of the woody vegetation and in lower aboveground biomass (AGB) values. As to the understory, disturbance was associated with a higher diversity, jointly with a higher phylogenetic dispersion. The most relevant disturbance predictors identified here were as follows: edge effect, proximity of cattle, minimum fragment age, and median patch size. Interestingly, AGB was efficiently predicted by the proportion of late successional species. We therefore recommend the use of AGB and abundance of late successional species as indicators of human disturbance on high Andean forests.
机译：高中森林港口港口显着高的生物多样性，在为邻近城市和定居点提供重要的生态系统服务方面发挥着关键作用。然而，它们是新科学家中最贫困和威胁的生态系统之一。为了保持其独特的生物多样性，迫切需要更深入地了解对它们的人为扰动的影响。在这里，我们在32 0.04公顷的地块中表征了波哥大腹地中的高安顿森林残余的植物群落。我们评估了木质植被并采样了林下和果皮覆盖物。我们收集了组合物和结构参数的数据，并编制了与人为干扰相关的广泛变量，从当地到景观范围的指标。我们还评估了系统发育多样性和功能多样性。我们使用非更正的多维缩放（NMDS）来在分析的第一步中选择有意义的变量。然后，我们进行了部分冗余分析（PRDA）和广义线性模型（GLMS），以测试所选择的环境和人为变量如何影响这些森林的组成，多样性和地上生物量。鉴定的木质植被和林藏层群落的特征在于升高，温度和相对湿度的差异，但也与不同程度的人类影响程度有关。我们发现，人类相关干扰的增加导致了较少的系统发育多样性和木质植被的系统发育聚类和低于地上的生物量（AGB）值。对于较高的多样性，与较高的系统发育分散体共同相关。这里鉴定的最相关的扰动预测因子如下：边缘效果，牛的附近，最小碎片年龄和中间贴片尺寸。有趣的是，AGB有效地预测了晚期连续种类的比例。因此，我们建议使用AGB和丰富的晚期地区作为高安第斯森林的人为障碍指标。

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