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Towards identifying enablers and inhibitors to on-farm entrepreneurship: evidence from smallholders in KwaZulu-Natal South Africa

机译：旨在识别适用于农场企业家的使者和抑制剂：来自南非夸祖鲁 - 纳塔尔的小农的证据

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摘要

Enabling on-farm entrepreneurship is an important step to enhance the contribution of smallholder agriculture to rural employment and poverty reduction in South Africa. Using attributes derived from positive psychological capital as proxies for entrepreneurship and data collected from 458 smallholders in and around irrigation schemes in KwaZulu-Natal, the study empirically examines factors affecting smallholder engagement in entrepreneurship activities. Findings show that access to extension and information from scheme committees, being a male farmer, having more earned income, membership to a cooperative and access to markets have a positive effect on farmers' entrepreneurial behaviour. Factors inhibiting entrepreneurship in the context of smallholder farming include land tenure insecurity, access to land without the necessary complementary resources, consumption credit and staying far away from irrigation schemes. The study recommends addressing gender bias regarding access to resources and information. Promoting interactive learning through networking will also result in positive entrepreneurial behaviour. There is also a need for the provision of demand-driven extension services, facilitation of market linkages and enhancing access to finance for would-be entrepreneurs. Access to credit should be directly linked to agricultural production through input vouchers and value chain financing. Addressing land tenure issues along with access to other complementary resources, inputs and services will also enhance on-farm entrepreneurship in the smallholder agriculture sector.
机译：在农场企业家精神方面是加强小农农业对农村就业和减贫南非的一项重要一步。使用从积极的心理资本获得的属性作为企业家精神的代理，并在夸祖鲁 - 纳塔尔的灌溉计划中和周围的458名小企业中收集的数据，该研究经验研究了影响企业家活动的小农参与的因素。调查结果表明，获得计划委员会的扩展和信息，成为一个男性农民，拥有更多赚取的收入，与合作和访问市场的会员资格对农民的创业行为产生积极影响。在小农农业背景下抑制企业家精神的因素包括土地权益不安全，无需必要的互补资源，消费信贷和远离灌溉计划的土地。该研究建议解决有关获取资源和信息的性别偏见。通过网络推广互动学习也将导致积极的创业行为。还需要提供需求驱动的延期服务，促进市场联系，加强对遗嘱企业家的资金获得资金。通过输入凭证和价值链融资，应直接与农业生产直接相关。解决土地任期问题以及获取其他互补资源，投入和服务的进入，也将加强小农农业部门的农业创业。

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