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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Innovation in Aging >Benefits of Volunteering for Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Comparison Between Types of Volunteering Activities
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Benefits of Volunteering for Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Comparison Between Types of Volunteering Activities

机译：中年和老年人志愿服务的好处：志愿服务类型之间的比较

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More middle-aged and older adults are often encouraged to volunteer (Gray et al., 2012). However, the effects of various volunteering activities on physical, psychological and cognitive health remain unknown. This study thereby aims to investigate such effects and the moderating effect of age in such associations. Data of 501 middle-aged and older Hong Kong Chinese adults (Mage = 53.06, SD = 4.55; and Mage = 70.46, SD = 7.34, respectively; range = 45 – 96) from a survey on Adult Development and Aging were analysed. Engagements in instrumental (e.g., food preparation, fundraising) and cognitively demanding volunteering (e.g., counselling, mentoring), hand-grip strength, life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, and cognitive functioning were measured. Factorial ANOVA revealed significant main effects of age group and volunteering type (F = 29.71, and F = 3.96, respectively, ps < .001), and an interaction effect of age and volunteering type (F =1.80, p = .03) on health outcomes. Comparisons among the four volunteering types (no volunteering, instrumental volunteering, cognitively demanding volunteering, and both types) revealed that individuals engaging in cognitively demanding volunteering had better hand-grip strength, life satisfaction, and cognitive functioning, and lower depressive symptoms than those who engaged in instrumental volunteering (all ps < .05). The health outcomes of instrumental volunteering were even worse than those who did not volunteer at all. These patterns were more prevalent in the middle-aged adults than in the older adults. Findings of this study indicated the beneficial effects of cognitively demanding volunteering, providing valuable directions for future programs on volunteering.
机译：志愿者经常鼓励更多中年和老年人（Gray等，2012）。然而，各种志愿者活动对身体，心理和认知健康的影响仍然是未知的。这项研究旨在调查这种效应和年龄在这种关联中的调节效果。分析了501名中年和大型香港中年人的数据（法师= 53.06，SD = 4.55;和法师= 70.46，SD = 7.34）分析了成人开发和老化调查范围= 40.46，SD = 45-96）。测量仪器（例如食品准备，筹款，筹款）和认知志愿者（例如，咨询，辅导），手握强度，生活满意度，抑郁症状和认知功能的参与。阶乘Anova揭示了年龄组和志愿者型（F = 29.71和F = 3.96，PS <.001）的显着主要影响，以及年龄和志愿者类型的相互作用效果（f = 1.80，p = .03）健康状况。四种志愿服务中的比较（没有志愿者，志愿者志愿服务，认知志愿者和两种类型）透露，个人从事认知志愿者的个人具有更好的手握力，生活满意度和认知功能，以及比那些人更低的抑郁症状从事乐器志愿服务（所有PS <.05）。工具志愿服务的健康结果甚至比那些没有自愿的人更糟糕。这些模式在中年成年人中比老年人更普遍。本研究的调查结果表明认知要求志愿服务的有益效果，为未来的志愿计划提供有价值的方案。

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