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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Molecular Sciences >Juvenile Leaves or Adult Leaves: Determinants for Vegetative Phase Change in Flowering Plants
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Juvenile Leaves or Adult Leaves: Determinants for Vegetative Phase Change in Flowering Plants

机译：青少年叶子或成人叶子：开花植物中植物相变的决定因素

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摘要

Vegetative leaves in Arabidopsis are classified as either juvenile leaves or adult leaves based on their specific traits, such as leaf shape and the presence of abaxial trichomes. The timing of the juvenile-to-adult phase transition during vegetative development, called the vegetative phase change, is a critical decision for plants, as this transition is associated with crop yield, stress responses, and immune responses. Juvenile leaves are characterized by high levels of miR156/157, and adult leaves are characterized by high levels of miR156/157 targets, SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) transcription factors. The discovery of this miR156/157-SPL module provided a critical tool for elucidating the complex regulation of the juvenile-to-adult phase transition in plants. In this review, we discuss how the traits of juvenile leaves and adult leaves are determined by the miR156/157-SPL module and how different factors, including embryonic regulators, sugar, meristem regulators, hormones, and epigenetic proteins are involved in controlling the juvenile-to-adult phase transition, focusing on recent insights into vegetative phase change. We also highlight outstanding questions in the field that need further investigation. Understanding how vegetative phase change is regulated would provide a basis for manipulating agricultural traits under various conditions.
机译：拟南芥的植物叶片基于其特定性状的叶子或成人叶片被归类为少年叶子或成人叶子，例如叶片形状和叶形胎儿的存在。营养发展期间的青少年到成人相转变的时间，称为营养相变，是植物的关键决定，因为这种转变与作物产量，应激反应和免疫应答相关。幼年叶的特征在于高水平的miR156 / 157，并且成年叶的特征在于高水平的miR156 / 157靶标，Squamosa启动子结合蛋白质样（SPL）转录因子。该MIR156 / 157-SPL模块的发现提供了一种关键工具，用于阐明植物中幼年到成人相过期的复杂调节。在本综述中，我们讨论了少年叶片和成人叶的特征是如何由MiR156 / 157-SPL模块确定的，以及不同因素，包括胚胎调节剂，糖，分生调节剂，激素和表观遗传蛋白在控制少年中涉及控制少年 - 成人阶段过渡，重点关注近视营养阶段变化。我们还突出了需要进一步调查的领域的出色问题。了解植物阶段变革如何调节如何在各种条件下操纵农业特征的基础。

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