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A deeper look into natural sciences with physics-based and data-driven measures

机译:通过基于物理和数据驱动的措施更深入地研究自然科学

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摘要

With the development of machine learning in recent years, it is possible to glean much more information from an experimental data set to study matter. In this perspective, we discuss some state-of-the-art data-driven tools to analyze latent effects in data and explain their applicability in natural science, focusing on two recently introduced, physics-motivated computationally cheap tools—latent entropy and latent dimension. We exemplify their capabilities by applying them on several examples in the natural sciences and show that they reveal so far unobserved features such as, for example, a gradient in a magnetic measurement and a latent network of glymphatic channels from the mouse brain microscopy data. What sets these techniques apart is the relaxation of restrictive assumptions typical of many machine learning models and instead incorporating aspects that best fit the dynamical systems at hand.
机译:随着近年来机器学习的发展,可以从实验数据集中获取更多信息以研究重要信息。在这个角度来看,我们讨论了一些最先进的数据驱动工具,以分析数据中的潜在效果,并解释他们在自然科学中的适用性,重点关注最近引入的两个物理激励的计算廉价的工具 - 潜在熵和潜在的潜在熵和潜在的熵。我们通过在自然科学中的几个例子上应用它们来举例说明他们的能力,并表明他们揭示了诸如诸如磁测量的磁性测量中的梯度和来自小鼠脑显微镜数据的梯度的梯度。这些技术分开的是什么是放宽许多机器学习模型的典型限制假设,而是结合最适合手动动态系统的方面。

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